Unicode: Difference between revisions
From Glossing Ancient Languages
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(→Recommended fonts: clarification of link to Wikipedia) |
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| Coptic || [http://www.evertype.com/fonts/coptic/ ''Antinouu''] <br/>[http://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/publier/outils-ed/polices/#download ''IFAO-Grec Unicode''] || style="font-family:Segoe UI Historic, Antinoou, IFAO-Grec Unicode" | <big><big>ⲁ ⲉ ⲙ ϣ ϩ ϭ ϯ ⳉ ⳁ</big></big> | | Coptic || [http://www.evertype.com/fonts/coptic/ ''Antinouu''] <br/>[http://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/publier/outils-ed/polices/#download ''IFAO-Grec Unicode''] || style="font-family:Segoe UI Historic, Antinoou, IFAO-Grec Unicode" | <big><big>ⲁ ⲉ ⲙ ϣ ϩ ϭ ϯ ⳉ ⳁ</big></big> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Ancient Egyptian <ref>Daniel A. Werning. ''Egyptological Transliteration in Unicode'', http://hdl.handle.net/21.11101/0000-0000-9E1A-2; | | Ancient Egyptian <ref>Daniel A. Werning. ''Egyptological Transliteration in Unicode'', http://hdl.handle.net/21.11101/0000-0000-9E1A-2; Page [https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%84gyptische_Hieroglyphen&oldid=194817459#Unicode Ägyptische Hieroglyphen], in: ''Wikipedia, Die freie Enzyklopädie'', State of: 11.Dez.2019, 11:32 UTC..</ref> || ''[http://apagreekkeys.org/NAUdownload.html New Athena Unicode] <br/>[http://junicode.sourceforge.net/) Junicode]'' || class="translit" | <big><big>''ꜣ ʾ ꞽ i̯ ï ꜥ u̯ ḥ ḫ ẖ h̭ ś š ḳ č ṯ ṭ ṱ č̣ ḏ''</big></big> | ||
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| Greek || [http://apagreekkeys.org/NAUdownload.html ''New Athena Unicode''] <ref>Note that New Athena Unicode uses non-standardized [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_Use_%28Unicode%29 ''Private Use Area''] for some few characters, e.g. <span style="font-family:New Athena Unicode"><big><big> </big></big></span>. See [https://apagreekkeys.org/technicalDetails.html#PUA here].</ref> <br/>[http://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/publier/outils-ed/polices/#download ''IFAO-Grec Unicode''] || style="font-family:New Athena Unicode,IFAO-Grec Unicode" | <big><big>α ζ ς ή ω ᾆ ἧ ὧ</big></big>. | | Greek || [http://apagreekkeys.org/NAUdownload.html ''New Athena Unicode''] <ref>Note that New Athena Unicode uses non-standardized [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_Use_%28Unicode%29 ''Private Use Area''] for some few characters, e.g. <span style="font-family:New Athena Unicode"><big><big> </big></big></span>. See [https://apagreekkeys.org/technicalDetails.html#PUA here].</ref> <br/>[http://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/publier/outils-ed/polices/#download ''IFAO-Grec Unicode''] || style="font-family:New Athena Unicode,IFAO-Grec Unicode" | <big><big>α ζ ς ή ω ᾆ ἧ ὧ</big></big>. | ||
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| class="translit" |<big><big>ḫ</big></big> || U+1E2B || class="translit" | <big><big>Ḫ</big></big> || U+1E2A|| Akkadian, Ancient Egyptian, Hittite | | class="translit" |<big><big>ḫ</big></big> || U+1E2B || class="translit" | <big><big>Ḫ</big></big> || U+1E2A|| Akkadian, Ancient Egyptian, Hittite | ||
|- | |- | ||
| class="translit" |<big><big>ẖ</big></big> || U+1E96 || class="translit" | <big><big>H̱</big></big> || 'H' | | class="translit" |<big><big>ẖ</big></big> || U+1E96 || class="translit" | <big><big>H̱</big></big> || 'H'&U+0331|| Ancient Egyptian | ||
|- | |- | ||
| class="translit" |<big><big>h̭</big></big> || 'h'&U+032D || class="translit" | <big><big>H̭</big></big> || 'H'&U+032D|| Ancient Egyptian | | class="translit" |<big><big>h̭</big></big> || 'h'&U+032D || class="translit" | <big><big>H̭</big></big> || 'H'&U+032D|| Ancient Egyptian | ||
Latest revision as of 08:02, 29 April 2021
Transliterations and transcriptions of ancient languages usually use some special characters, e.g. Greek signs, like alpha (α), ‘s’ with caron (š), ‘h’ with breve below (ḫ), ‘t’ with dot below (ṭ), Semitic Ain (ꜥ), Egyptological Alif (ꜣ).
In order to produce a robust file for e.g. a publisher, i.e. a file that is going to be displayed correctly on any electronic device, it is advisable that the encoder uses strictly Unicode fonts to enter his/her data. Characters that have been entered with a Unicode font cannot be confused on any other device. This is because the file actually contains the unique Unicode number of the intended character, e.g. U+1E6D. This number is unique and reserved for this very character all across the world in any Unicode font. With Unicode fonts, the only things that can happen are: a) The character cannot be displayed at all on the receiver’s device; b) The style of the font may be different, depending on the actual Unicode font that is installed on the receiver’s device.)
Recommended fonts[edit | edit source]
For glossing in general or for editing specific languages, we recommend to install the following fonts:
| Language | Fonts | Character examples |
|---|---|---|
| Glossing in general | Charis SIL | diacritics, IPA symbols, ā ē ī ō ū |
| Akkadian | Times New Roman Arial Unicode MS Charis SIL New Athena Unicode Junicode |
ʾ ʿ ḫ ṣ š ṭ |
| Coptic | Antinouu IFAO-Grec Unicode |
ⲁ ⲉ ⲙ ϣ ϩ ϭ ϯ ⳉ ⳁ |
| Ancient Egyptian [1] | New Athena Unicode Junicode |
ꜣ ʾ ꞽ i̯ ï ꜥ u̯ ḥ ḫ ẖ h̭ ś š ḳ č ṯ ṭ ṱ č̣ ḏ |
| Greek | New Athena Unicode [2] IFAO-Grec Unicode |
α ζ ς ή ω ᾆ ἧ ὧ. |
| Hittite | Times New Roman Arial Unicode MS Charis SIL New Athena Unicode Junicode |
ḫ š |
Recommended programs and links[edit | edit source]
Keyboard layouts[edit | edit source]
Creator programs[edit | edit source]
- Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator (Windows).
- Mac OS Keyboard Layout Editor Ukulele
Ready layouts[edit | edit source]
- Egyptological transliteration, see https://www.archaeologie.hu-berlin.de/de/aknoa/service/links.
Unicode character programs and links[edit | edit source]
- BabelStone BabelMap (Windows)
- Fileformat.info Unicode character search (online)
Required Unicode characters[edit | edit source]
| Character | Unicode number |
Character | Unicode number |
Languages |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ʿ | U+02BF | Akkadian | ||
| ʾ | U+02BE | Akkadian, Ancient Egyptian | ||
| ꜥ | U+A725 | Ꜥ | U+A724 | Ancient Egyptian |
| ꜣ | U+A723 | Ꜣ | U+A722 | Ancient Egyptian |
| č | U+010D | Č | U+010C | Ancient Egyptian |
| č̣ | U+010D&U+0323 | Č̣ | U+010C&U+0323 | Ancient Egyptian |
| ḏ | U+1E0F | Ḏ | U+1E0E | Ancient Egyptian |
| ḥ | U+1E25 | Ḥ | U+1E24 | Ancient Egyptian |
| ḫ | U+1E2B | Ḫ | U+1E2A | Akkadian, Ancient Egyptian, Hittite |
| ẖ | U+1E96 | H̱ | 'H'&U+0331 | Ancient Egyptian |
| h̭ | 'h'&U+032D | H̭ | 'H'&U+032D | Ancient Egyptian |
| ꞽ | U+A7BD | Ꞽ | U+A7BC | Ancient Egyptian |
| i̯ | 'i'&U+032F | Ancient Egyptian | ||
| ï | U+00EF | Ancient Egyptian | ||
| ḳ | U+1E33 | Ḳ | U+1E32 | Ancient Egyptian |
| ṣ | U+032E | Ṣ | U+032D | Akkadian |
| ś | U+015B | Ś | U+015A | Ancient Egyptian |
| š | U+0161 | Š | U+0160 | Akkadian, Ancient Egyptian, Hittite |
| ṯ | U+1E6F | Ṯ | U+1E6E | Ancient Egyptian |
| ṭ | U+1E6D | Ṭ | U+1E6C | Akkadian, Ancient Egyptian |
| ṱ | U+1E71 | Ṱ | U+1E70 | Ancient Egyptian |
| u̯ | ‘u’&U+032F | Ancient Egyptian | ||
| ⸗ | U+2E17 | Ancient Egyptian | ||
| ⸢ | U+2E22 | ⸣ | U+2E23 | text critical markup |
| ⟨ | U+27E8 | ⟩ | U+27E9 | text critical markup |
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Daniel A. Werning. Egyptological Transliteration in Unicode, http://hdl.handle.net/21.11101/0000-0000-9E1A-2; Page Ägyptische Hieroglyphen, in: Wikipedia, Die freie Enzyklopädie, State of: 11.Dez.2019, 11:32 UTC..
- ↑ Note that New Athena Unicode uses non-standardized Private Use Area for some few characters, e.g. . See here.