Editing Ancient Greek:Glossing recommendations

== Extra Glossing transcription line ==
Readers outside the field of Classics '''cannot be expected to be able to read Ancient Greek letters'''. Anyhow, it is good common practice to translate all not latin-based script systems into latin-based transliterations or transcriptions. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek Standards to transcribe Ancient Greek] are already established. The encoder shall add the transcription in an '''an extra ‘Glossing transcription line’''' between the original Greek line and the Glossing line. 

;Example ([http://perseus.uchicago.edu/perseus-cgi/citequery3.pl?dbname=GreekFeb2011&getid=0&query=Paus.%202.34 Paus. 2.34]):
{| {{Glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Greek''' || πῦρ || ἀναζέσαι || πολὺ || ἐκ || τῆς || γῆς 
|-
| '''Glossing transcription''' || pûr || anazésai || polù || ek || tês || gês 
|-
| '''Glosses'''  || fire(N)[SG.NOM] || boil_up:AOR.INF || much:N.SG.NOM || ELAT || DEF.F.SG.GEN || earth(F):SG.GEN 
|}
{{Translation|‘fire that gushed in great volume from the ground’.}} 

But there is also another issue. 

Traditional philological '''editions of manuscripts use a system of punctuation''' (cf. the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden_Conventions ''Leiden Conventions'']) which is partially in conflict with the punctuation as defined by the [[Glossing Rules]].

Compare the following table:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Puctuation !! Meaning in <br/>philological editions!! Meaning in <br/>Glossing transcription line !! Meaning in <br/>Glossing line 
|-
| align="center" | '''&lt;&nbsp;&gt;''' || {{Red|Emendation of a scribal error (addition)}} || colspan="2" | [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_angle_brackets|Infix]]
|-
| align="center" | '''{&nbsp;}''' || Emendation of a scribal error (deletion) || colspan="2" |  — 
|-
| align="center" | '''[&nbsp;]''' || {{Orange| Completely destroyed text (''lacuna''), <br/>potentially with reconstructed content}} || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_square_brackets|‘Zero’ morpheme]]
|-
| align="center" | '''[[&nbsp;]]''' || Deleted text || colspan="2" | —
|-
| align="center" | '''(&nbsp;)''' || {{Orange|Non-overt part of an abbreviation}} || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_parentheses|Inherent]] category
|-
| align="center" | '''''dot below''''' <br/>(e.g. ọ) || Damaged or unclear characters || colspan="2" | —
|-
| align="center" | '''\''' || rowspan="2" | {{Orange|Addition/insertion above the line}} ('''\&nbsp;/''' ''or'' '''‘&nbsp;’''') || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_backslash|''Ablaut'']] phenomenon
|-
| align="center" | '''/''' ||  — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_slash|Ambigous]] morpheme
|-
| align="center" | '''~''' || — || colspan="2" | [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_tilde|Reduplication]] morpheme
|-
| align="center" | '''_''' || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_underscore_object_language|Fixed phrase]] || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_underscore_gloss|Fixed phrase]] 
|}

In order to prevent any confusion between the meaning of “[&nbsp;]” and “(&nbsp;)” in the Greek line and “[&nbsp;]” and “(&nbsp;)” in the Glossing line, it is strongly advisable to not use these symbols in their traditional meaning in the Glossing transcription line directly above the Glossing line at all. As far as “&lt;&nbsp;&gt;” is concerned, it is even mandatory not to use it with the philological meaning (''emendation'') in the Glossing transcription line. (Keep in mind that the number and sequence of “-”, “=”, “~”, and “&lt;&nbsp;&gt;” in the Glossing transcription and the gloss needs to [[Glossing_Rules#Correct_sequential_alignment|match exactly]].)

; Problematic examples:
{| {{Wrong glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Greek (edited)''' || {{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}πῦ{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}}ρ || ἀναζέσ{{Red|&lt;}}α{{Red|&gt;}}ι || πολὺ || ἐκ || {{Orange|<nowiki>\</nowiki>}}τῆς{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}} || γῆς 
|-
| '''Glosses'''  || fire(N){{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}SG.NOM{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}}ACC{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}} || boil_up:AOR.INF || much:N.SG.NOM{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}}ACC || ELAT || DEF.F.SG.GEN || earth(F):SG.GEN 
|}
{{Translation|‘fire that gushed in great volume from the ground’.}} 

{| {{Wrong glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Transcription (edited)''' || ''{{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}pû{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}}r'' || ''anazés{{Red|&lt;}}a{{Red|&gt;}}i'' || ''polù'' || ''ek'' || {{Orange|<nowiki>\</nowiki>}}''tês''{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}} || ''gês'' 
|-
| '''Glosses'''  || fire(N){{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}SG.NOM{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}}ACC{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}} || boil_up:AOR.INF || much:N.SG.NOM{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}}ACC || ELAT || DEF.F.SG.GEN || earth(F):SG.GEN 
|}
{{Translation|‘fire that gushed in great volume from the ground’.}} 

The advices to provide a latin-based transcription and to keep the line directly above the Glossing line free of philological markups are the two main reasons to provide the following three lines: 
# a '''Greek''' line with philological markup, 
# a '''Transcription''' line (without philological markup), 
# the '''Glossing''' line.


; Example:
{| {{Glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Greek (edited)''' || [πῦ]ρ || ἀναζέσ&lt;α&gt;ι || πολὺ || ἐκ || \τῆς/ || γῆς 
|-
| '''Glossing transcription''' || pûr || anazésai || polù || ek || tês || gês 
|-
| '''Glosses'''  || fire(N)[SG.NOM] || boil_up:AOR.INF || much:N.SG.NOM || ELAT || DEF.F.SG.GEN || earth(F):SG.GEN 
|}
{{Translation|‘fire that gushed in great volume from the ground’.}} 

In the Glossing transcription line, all symbols need to be used according to the [[Glossing Rules]]. In the Traditional transliteration line, however, the encoder may use all the symbols according to his/her philological tradition.

{{Punctuation bar}}

{{Separating bar}}

== Hands-on transcription transformation guidelines ==
To '''derive a valid Glossing transcription line''' from a Greek line with philological markup, the following hands-on rules may help.

Compare the following table:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Greek (edited) !! colspan="2" | Glossing transcription line !! Examples
|-
| align="center"  | '''''dot below''''' <br/>(e.g. ọ) || leave dot below out || keep character || π̣ῦρ → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|-
| align="center"  | {{Red|'''&lt;&nbsp;&gt;'''}} || leave brackets out || rowspan="3" | keep content || &lt;π&gt;ῦρ → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|-
| align="center" | '''(&nbsp;)''' || leave parentheses out || ἀν(ὰ) → aná up ‘up’
|-
| align="center" | '''\&nbsp;/''' ''or'' '''‘&nbsp;’''' || leave ‘slashes’ out || π\ῦ/ρ → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|-
| align="center"  | '''[&nbsp;]''' || leave brackets out || keep content <br/>or leave it out || [πῦ]ρ → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’ <br/>π[ῦρ] → p[__] ‘[''-destroyed-'']’
|-
| align="center"  | '''[[&nbsp;]]''' || rowspan="2" | leave brackets out || rowspan="2" | leave content out || πῦρ<nowiki>[[</nowiki>ρ<nowiki>]]</nowiki> → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|-
| align="center"  | '''{&nbsp;}''' || πῦρ{ρ} → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|}

{{Punctuation bar}}

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== Common forms ==

{{Contribute}} ''You might want to take [[Ancient Egyptian:Glossing recommendations]] as a model.''