Akkadian:Glossing of common Akkadian forms
From Glossing Ancient Languages
Abbreviations
B = Babylonian
A = Assyrian
OB = Old Babylonian
OA = Old Assyrian
MB = Middle Babylonian
MA = Middle Assyrian
OAKK = Old Akkadian
Pronouns
Personal pronouns
Independent personal pronouns (OB; OA)
For (even more) seldom used forms and explanations s. GAG §41 g.
Nominative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| anāku | anāku | 1SG.NOM | anāku | 1SG.C.NOM |
| attā | attā | 2SG.M.NOM | attā | 2SG.M.NOM |
| attī | attī | 2SG.F.NOM | attī | 2SG.F.NOM |
| šū; šūt | šū; šūt | 3SG.M.NOM | šū; šūt | 3SG.M.NOM |
| šī; šīt | šī; šīt | 3SG.F.NOM | šī; šīt | 3SG.F.NOM |
| nīnu; nēnu | nīnu; nēnu | 1PL.NOM | nīnu; nēnu | 1PL.C.NOM |
| attunu | attune | 2PL.M.NOM | attunu | 2PL.M.NOM |
| attina | attina | 2PL.F.NOM | attina | 2PL.F.NOM |
| šunu | šunu | 3PL.M.NOM | šunu | 3PL.M.NOM |
| šina | šina | 3PL.F.NOM | šina | 3PL.F.NOM |
Genitive/Accusative (OA also dative)
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| jâti | jâti | 1SG:GEN/ACC | jâti | 1SG.C:GEN/ACC |
| kâti, kâta; kuāti, kuwāti | kâti, kâta; kuāti, kuwāti | 2SG.M:GEN/ACC | kâti, kâta; kuāti, kuwāti | 2SG.M:GEN/ACC |
| kâti; kuāti, kuwāti | kâti; kuāti, kuwāti | 2SG.F:GEN/ACC | kâti; kuāti, kuwāti | 2SG.F:GEN/ACC |
| šuāti, šuātu, šâti, šātu | šuāti, šuātu, šâti, šātu | 3SG.M.GEN/ACC | šuāti, šuātu, šâti, šātu | 3SG.M:GEN/ACC |
| šuāti, šâti, šiāti | šuāti, šâti, šiāti | 3SG.F:GEN/ACC | šuāti, šâti, šiāti | 3SG.F:GEN/ACC |
| niāti | niāti | 1PL:GEN/ACC | niāti | 1PL.C:GEN/ACC |
| kunūti | kunūti | 2PL.M:GEN/ACC | kunūti | 2PL:M.GEN/ACC |
| kināti | kināti | 2PL.F:GEN/ACC | kināti | 2PL.F:GEN/ACC |
| šunūti | šunūti | 3PL.M:GEN/ACC | šunūti | 3PL.M:GEN/ACC |
| šināti | šināti | 3PL.F:GEN/ACC | šināti | 3PL.F:GEN/ACC |
Dative (only OB)
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| jâšim, jâši | jâšim, jâši | 1SG:DAT | jâšim, jâši | 1SG.C:DAT |
| kâšim | kâšim | 2SG.M:DAT | kâšim | 2SG.M:DAT |
| kâšim, kâši | kâšim, kâši | 2SG.F:DAT | kâšim, kâši | 2SG.F:DAT |
| šuāšim, šâšim, šâši, šâšum, šâšu | šuāšim, šâšim, šâši, šâšum, šâšu | 3SG.M:DAT | šuāšim, šâšim, šâši, šâšum, šâšu | 3SG.M:DAT |
| šuāšim, šiāšim, šâšim, šâši | šuāšim, šiāšim, šâšim, šâši | 3SG.F:DAT | šuāšim, šiāšim, šâšim, šâši | 3SG.F:DAT |
| niâšim | niâšim | 1PL:DAT | niâšim | 1PL.C:DAT |
| kunūšim, kunūši | kunūšim, kunūši | 2PL.M:DAT | kunūšim, kunūši | 2PL.M:DAT |
| - | - | - | ||
| šunūšim, šunūši | šunūšim, šunūši | 3PL.M:DAT | šunūšim, šunūši | 3PL.M:DAT |
| - | - | - | ||
Independent personal pronouns (later dialects; only A)
For (even more) seldom used forms and explanations s. GAG §41 i, j.
Nominative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| anāku | anāku | 1SG.NOM | anāku | 1SG.C.NOM |
| attā | attā | 2SG.M.NOM | attā | 2SG.M.NOM |
| attī | attī | 2SG.F.NOM | attī | 2SG.F.NOM |
| šū; šūt | šū; šūt | 3SG.M.NOM | šū; šūt | 3SG.M.NOM |
| šī; šīt | šī; šīt | 3SG.F.NOM | šī; šīt | 3SG.F.NOM |
| nīnu, nīni, anēnu, anēni; nēnu | nīnu, nīni, anēnu, anēni; nēnu | 1PL.NOM | nīnu, nīni, anēnu, anēni; nēnu | 1PL.C.NOM |
| attunu | attune | 2PL.M.NOM | attunu | 2PL.M.NOM |
| attina | attina | 2PL.F.NOM | attina | 2PL.F.NOM |
| šunu | šunu | 3PL.M.NOM | šunu | 3PL.M.NOM |
| šina | šina | 3PL.F.NOM | šina | 3PL.F.NOM |
Genitive/Accusative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| jâti | jâti | 1SG:GEN/ACC | jâti | 1SG.C:GEN/ACC |
| kata | kata | 2SG.M:GEN/ACC | kata | 2SG.M:GEN/ACC |
| kâti | kâti | 2SG.F:GEN/ACC | kâti | 2SG.F:GEN/ACC |
| šuāti, šuwāti, šuātu, šātu | šuāti, šuātu, šâti, šātu | 3SG.M:GEN/ACC | šuāti, šuātu, šâti, šātu | 3SG.M:GEN/ACC |
| šuāti, šuwāti; šiāti | šuāti, šuwāti; šiāti | 3SG.F:GEN/ACC | šuāti, šuwāti; šiāti | 3SG.F:GEN/ACC |
| niāti, nijāti | niāti, nijāti | 1PL:GEN/ACC | niāti, nijāti | 1PL.C:GEN/ACC |
| kâtun, kâtunu | kunūti | 2PL.M:GEN/ACC | kunūti | 2PL.M:GEN/ACC |
| - | kināti | 2PL.F:GEN/ACC | kināti | 2PL.F:GEN/ACC |
| šâtun, šâtunu, šunūti; šunātunu | šâtun, šâtunu, šunūti; šunātunu | 3PL.M:GEN/ACC | šâtun, šâtunu, šunūti; šunātunu | 3PL.M:GEN/ACC |
| šâtina, šināti; šinātina | šâtina, šināti; šinātina | 3PL.F:GEN/ACC | šâtina, šināti; šinātina | 3PL.F:GEN/ACC |
Dative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| jâši | jâši | 1SG:DAT | jâši | 1SG.C:DAT |
| kâša; kuāša | kâša; kuāša | 2SG.M:DAT | kâša; kuāša | 2SG.M:DAT |
| kâši | kâši | 2SG.F:DAT | kâši | 2SG.F:DAT |
| šâšu; šuāšu | šâšu; šuāšu | 3SG.M:DAT | šâšu; šuāšu | 3SG.M:DAT |
| šâši, šâša; šuāša | šâši, šâša; šuāša | 3SG.F:DAT | šâši, šâša; šuāša | 3SG.F:DAT |
| nâši | nâši | 1PL:DAT | nâši | 1PL.C:DAT |
| kâšun, kâšunu; kunāšunu | kâšun, kâšunu; kunāšunu | 2PL.M:DAT | kâšun, kâšunu; kunāšunu | 2PL.M:DAT |
| - | - | - | ||
| šâšun, šâšunu; šunāšunu | šâšun, šâšunu; šunāšunu | 3PL.M:DAT | šâšun, šâšunu; šunāšunu | 3PL.M:DAT |
| šâšina | šâšina | 3PL.F:DAT | šâšina | 3PL.F:DAT |
Suffix pronouns (OB; OA)
For (even more) seldom used forms and explanations s. GAG §42 g-i.
Genitive
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -ī, -ja | :ī, :ja | :1SG.GEN | -ī, -ja | -1SG.C.GEN |
| -ka | :ka | :2SG.M.GEN | -ka | -2SG.M.GEN |
| -ki | :ki | :2SG.F.GEN | -ki | -2SG.F.GEN |
| -šu, -š | :šu, :š | :3SG.M.GEN | -šu, -š | -3SG.M.GEN |
| -ša, -š | :ša, :š | :3SG.F.GEN | -ša, -š | -3SG.F.GEN |
| -ni | :ni | :1PL.GEN | -ni | -1PL.C.GEN |
| -kunu, -kun | :kunu, :kun | :2PL.M.GEN | -kunu, -kun | -2PL.M.GEN |
| -kina, -kin | :kina, :kin | :2PL.F.GEN | -kina, -kin | -2PL.F.GEN |
| -šunu, -šun | :šunu, :šun | :3PL.M.GEN | -šunu, -šun | -3PL.M.GEN |
| -šina, -šin | :šina, :šin | :3PL.F.GEN | -šina, -šin | -3PL.F.GEN |
| Dual forms of the early period | ||||
| -kunī | :kunī | :2DU.GEN | -kunī | -2DU.C.GEN |
| -šunī | :šunī | :3DU.GEN | -šunī | -3DU.C.GEN |
Accusative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -ni; -ī | -ni; -ī | :1SG.ACC | -ni; -ī | -1SG.C.ACC |
| -ka | :ka | :2SG.M.ACC | -ka | -2SG.M.ACC |
| -ki | :ki | :2SG.F.ACC | -ki | -2SG.F.ACC |
| -šu, -š | :šu, :š | :3SG.M.ACC | -šu, -š | -3SG.M.ACC |
| -ši, -š | :ši, :š | :3SG.F.ACC | -ši, -š | -3SG.F.ACC |
| -niāti | :niāti | :1PL.ACC | -niāti | -1PL.C:ACC |
| -kunūti; -kunu | :kunūti; :kunu | :2PL.M.ACC | -kunūti; -kunu |
-2PL.M:ACC -2PL.M.ACC |
| -kināti; -kina | :kināti; :kina | :2PL.F.ACC | -kināti; -kina |
-2PL.F:ACC -2PL.F.ACC |
| -šunūti; -šunu | :šunūti; :šunu | :3PL.M.ACC | -šunūti; -šunu |
-3PL.M:ACC -3PL.M.ACC |
| -šināti, -šina | :šināti, :šina | :3PL.F.ACC | -šināti, -šina |
-3PL.F:ACC -3PL.F.ACC |
| Dual forms of the early period | ||||
| - | - | - | ||
| -šunī, -šunīti | :šunī, :šunīti | :3DU.ACC | -šunī, -šunīti |
-3DU.C.ACC -3DU.C:ACC |
Dative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a, am, ni, nim | :a, :am, :ni, :nim | :1SG.DAT | a, ni, am, nim |
-1SG.C.DAT -1SG.C:DAT |
| -ku, -kum | :ku, :kum | :2SG.M.DAT | -ku, -kum |
-2SG.M.DAT -2SG.M:DAT |
| -ki, -kim | :ki, :kim | :2SG.F.DAT | -ki, -kim |
-2SG.F.DAT -2SG.F:DAT |
| -šu, -šum | :šu, :šum | :3SG.M.DAT | -šu, -šum |
-3SG.M.DAT -3SG.M:DAT |
| -ši, -šim | :ši, :šim | :3SG.F.DAT | -ši, -šim |
-3SG.F.DAT -3SG.F:DAT |
| niāši, niāšim; niāti | :niāši, :niāšim; :niāti | :1PL.DAT | niāši, niāšim; niāti |
-1PL.C:DAT -1PL.C.DAT |
| kunūši, kunūšim; kunūti |
:kunūši, :kunūšim; :kunūti |
:2PL.M.DAT | kunūši, kunūšim; kunūti |
-2PL.M:DAT -2PL.M.DAT |
| kināši, kinašim; kināti |
:kināši, :kinašim; :kināti |
:2PL.F.DAT | kināši, kinašim; kināti |
-2PL.F:DAT -2PL.F.DAT |
| šunūši, šunūšim; -šunūti |
:šunūši, :šunūšim; :šunūti |
:3PL.M.DAT | šunūši, šunūšim; šunūti |
-3PL.M:DAT -3PL.M.DAT |
| šināši, šināšim; šināti |
:šināši, :šināšim; :šināti |
:3PL.F.DAT | šināši, šināšim; šināti |
-3PL.F:DAT -3PL.F.DAT |
| Dual forms of the early period | ||||
| - | - | - | ||
| -šunīšim | :šunīšim | :3DU.DAT | -šunīšim | -3DU.C:DAT |
Suffix pronouns (later dialects; only A)
For (even more) seldom used forms and explanations s. GAG §42 j-k.
Genitive
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -ī, -ja, -ā | :ī, :ja, :ā | :1SG.GEN | -ī, -ja, -ā | -1SG.C.GEN |
| -ka, -k | :ka, :k | :2SG.M.GEN | -ka, -k | -2SG.M.GEN |
| -ki, -k, -ku | :ki, :k, :ku | :2SG.F.GEN | -ki, -k, -ku | -2SG.F.GEN |
| -šu, -š | :šu, :š | :3SG.M.GEN | -šu, -š | -3SG.M.GEN |
| -ša, -š | :ša, :š | :3SG.F.GEN | -ša, -š | -3SG.F.GEN |
| -ni | :ni | :1PL.GEN | -ni | -1PL.C.GEN |
| -kunu, -kun | :kunu, :kun | :2PL.M.GEN | -kunu, -kun | -2PL.M.GEN |
| -kina, -kin | :kina, :kin | :2PL.F.GEN | -kina, -kin | -2PL.F.GEN |
| -šunu, -šun | :šunu, :šun | :3PL.M.GEN | -šunu, -šun | -3PL.M.GEN |
| -šina, -šin | :šina, :šin | :3PL.F.GEN | -šina, -šin | -3PL.F.GEN |
Accusative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -ni | -ni | :1SG.ACC | -ni | -1SG.C.ACC |
| -ka, -k | :ka, :k | :2SG.M.ACC | -ka, -k | -2SG.M.ACC |
| -ki, -k, -ku | :ki, :k, :ku | :2SG.F.ACC | -ki, -k, -ku | -2SG.F.ACC |
| -šu, -š | :šu, :š | :3SG.M.ACC | -šu, -š | -3SG.M.ACC |
| -ši, -š | :ši, :š | :3SG.F.ACC | -ši, -š | -3SG.F.ACC |
| -niāti, -nâti | :niāti, :nâti | :1PL.ACC | -niāti, -nâti | -1PL.C:ACC |
| -kunūti; -kunu | :kunūti; :kunu | :2PL.M.ACC | -kunūti; -kunu |
-2PL.M:ACC -2PL.M.ACC |
| -kināti; -kina | :kināti; :kina | :2PL.F.ACC | -kināti; -kina |
-2PL.F:ACC -2PL.F.ACC |
| -šunūti; -šunu | :šunūti; :šunu | :3PL.M.ACC | -šunūti; -šunu |
-3PL.M:ACC -3PL.M.ACC |
| -šināti, -šina | :šināti, :šina | :3PL.F.ACC | -šināti, -šina |
-3PL.F:ACC -3PL.F.ACC |
Dative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a, ni; -ne | :a, :ni; :ne | :1SG.DAT | a, ni; -ne | -1SG.C.DAT |
| -ku, -ka, -kam | :ku, :ka, :kam | :2SG.M.DAT | -ku, -ka, -kum |
-2SG.M.DAT -2SG.M:DAT |
| -ki | :ki | :2SG.F.DAT | -ki | -2SG.F.DAT |
| -šu | :šu | :3SG.M.DAT | -šu | -3SG.M.DAT |
| -ši; -še | :ši; :še | :3SG.F.DAT | -ši; -še | -3SG.F.DAT |
| nâši, nâšu | :nâši, :nâšu | :1PL.DAT | nâši, nâšu | -1PL.C:DAT |
| kunūši; kunu | :kunūši; :kunu | :2PL.M.DAT | kunūši; kunu |
-2PL.M:DAT -2PL.M.DAT |
| kināši | :kināši | :2PL.F.DAT | kināši | -2PL.F:DAT |
| šunūši; šunu |
:šunūši; :šunu | :3PL.M.DAT | šunūši; šunu |
-3PL.M:DAT-3PL.M.DAT |
| šināši | :šināši | :3PL.F.DAT | šināši | -3PL.F:DAT |
Independent possessive pronouns (B; A)
For detailed information see GAG §44 c-d.
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| jāʾum, jûm, jû; jāʾu, ijjû | jāʾum, jûm, jû; jāʾu, ijjû | 1SG.POSS.M.SG | jāʾum, jûm, jû; jāʾu, ijjû | 1SG.POSS.M.SG |
| jatum, jattum, jattun, juttun; ijjātu | jatum, jattum, jattun, juttun; ijjātu | 1SG.POSS.F.SG | jatum, jattum, jattun, juttun; ijjātu | 1SG.POSS:F.SG |
| jāʾūtun, jûtun; jāʾūtum | jāʾūtun, jûtun; jāʾūtum | 1SG.POSS.M.PL | jāʾūtun, jûtun; jāʾūtum | 1SG.POSS:M.PL |
| jâttun; jâtum | jâttun; jâtum | 1SG.POSS.F.PL | jâttun; jâtum | 1SG.POSS:F.PL |
| kû, kûm; kuwāʾum, kuāʾum, kuʾāu, ikkû | kû, kûm; kuwāʾum, kuāʾum, kuʾāu, ikkû | 2SG.POSS.M.SG | kû, kûm; kuwāʾum, kuāʾum, kuʾāu, ikkû | 2SG.POSS.M.SG |
| katum, kattum; kuwātum, kuātum | katum, kattum; kuwātum, kuātum | 2SG.POSS.F.SG | katum, kattum; kuwātum, kuātum | 2SG.POSS:F.SG |
| kuttun, kuttin; kuwāʾūtum, kuāʾūtum | kuttun, kuttin; kuwāʾūtum, kuāʾūtum | 2SG.POSS.M.PL | kuttun, kuttin; kuwāʾūtum, kuāʾūtum | 2SG.POSS:M.PL |
| kâttun, kâttin; kuwātum, kuātum | kâttun, kâttin; kuwātum, kuātum | 2SG.POSS.F.PL | kâttun, kâttin; kuwātum, kuātum | 2SG.POSS:F.PL |
| šûm, šû; šuwāʾum, šuāʾum | šûm, šû; šuwāʾum, šuāʾum | 3SG.POSS.M.SG | šûm, šû; šuwāʾum, šuāʾum | 3SG.POSS.M.SG |
| šattum; šuwātum, šuātum | šattum; šuwātum, šuātum | 3SG.POSS.F.SG | šattum; šuwātum, šuātum | 3SG.POSS:F.SG |
| šuttun, šuttin/šutten | šuttun, šuttin/šutten | 3SG.POSS.M.PL | šuttun, šuttin/šutten | 3SG.POSS:M.PL |
| - | - | - | ||
| nûm; niʾāʾum, innû | nûm; niʾāʾum, innû | 1PL.POSS.M.SG | nûm; niʾāʾum, innû | 1PL.POSS.M.SG |
| niātum, nuttum | niātum, nuttum | 1PL.POSS.F.SG | niātum, nuttum | 1PL.POSS:F.SG |
| nuttum; niʾāʾūtum, innûte | nuttum; niʾāʾūtum, innûte | 1PL.POSS.M.PL | nuttum; niʾāʾūtum, innûte | 1PL.POSS:M.PL |
| -; niʾâtum | -; niʾâtum | 1PL.POSS.F.PL | -; niʾâtum | 1PL.POSS:F.PL |
| -; kunūʾum, kunāʾu, ikkanû | -; kunūʾum, kunāʾu, ikkanû | 2PL.POSS.M.SG | -; kunūʾum, kunāʾu, ikkanû | 2PL.POSS.M.SG |
| -; kunūtum | -; kunūtum | 2PL.POSS.F.SG | -; kunūtum | 2PL.POSS:F.SG |
| - | - | - | ||
| -; kunūʾātum | -; kunūʾātum | 2PL.POSS.F.PL | -; kunūʾātum | 2PL.POSS:F.PL |
| šunûm; iššanû, iššunû | šunûm; iššanû, iššunû | 3PL.POSS.M.SG | šunûm; iššanû, iššunû | 2PL.POSS.M.SG |
| -; šunūtum | -; šunūtum | 3PL.POSS.F.SG | -; šunūtum | 3PL.POSS:F.SG |
| - | - | - | ||
| - | - | - | ||
Demonstrative pronouns (B; A)
For detailed information and more forms see GAG §45.
Proximal
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| annûm, annû; annium, anniu | annûm, annû; annium, anniu | this.M.SG:NOM | ann-ûm, ann-û; anni-um, anni-u | DEM.PROX.M.SG-NOM |
| annîm, annî; annê | annîm, annî; annê | this.M.SG:GEN | ann-îm, ann-î; ann ê | DEM.PROX.M.SG-GEN |
| anniam, annâ | anniam, annâ | this.M.SG:ACC | anni-am, ann-â | DEM.PROX.M.SG-ACC |
| annītum, annītu | annītum, annītu | this:F.SG:NOM | annī t um, annī-t-u | DEM.PROX F.SG NOM |
| annītim, annīti; annīte | annītim, annīti; annīte | this:F.SG:GEN | annī-t-im, annī-t-i; annī-t-e | DEM.PROX-F.SG-GEN |
| annītam, annīta | annītam, annīta | this:F.SG:ACC | annī-t-am, annī-t-a | DEM.PROX F.SG ACC |
| annûtum, annûtu; anniūtum | annûtum, annûtu; anniūtum | these:M.PL:NOM | ann ût um, ann-ût-u; anni-ūt-um | DEM.PROX-M.PL-NOM |
| annûtim, annûti; anniūtim, annûte | annûtim, annûti; anniūtim, annûte | these:M.PL:GEN/ACC | ann-ût-im, ann-ût-i; anni-ūt-im, ann-ût-e | DEM.PROX-M.PL-GEN/ACC |
| anniātum, annâtu, annêtu | anniātum, annâtu, annêtu | these:F.PL:NOM | anni āt um, ann-ât-u, ann-êt-u | DEM.PROX-F.PL-NOM |
| anniātim, annâti, annêti; annâte | anniātim, annâti, annêti; annâte | these:F.PL:GEN/ACC | anni-āt-im, ann-ât-i, ann-êt-i; ann-ât-e | DEM.PROX-F.PL-GEN/ACC |
| only Old-Akkadian | ||||
| annîn | annîn | these:ACC.DU | ann-în | these-DU.ACC |
Distal
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ullûm, ullû; ammium, ammiu | ullûm, ullû; ammium, ammiu | that.M.SG:NOM | ull-ûm, ull û; ammi-um, ammi-u | DEM.DIST.M.SG-NOM |
| ullîm, ullî; ammîm, ammê | ullîm, ullî; ammîm, ammê | that.M.SG:GEN | ull îm, ull î; amm îm, amm-ê | DEM.DIST.M.SG-GEN |
| ullâm, ullâ; ammiam, ammia | ullâm, ullâ; ammiam, ammia | that.M:ACC.SG | ull-âm, ull â; ammi-am, ammi-a | DEM.DIST.M.SG-ACC |
| ullītum, ullītu; ammītum, ammītu | ullītum, ullītu; ammītum, ammītu | that:F.SG:NOM | ullī-t-um, ullī-t-u; ammī-t-um, ammī-t-u | DEM.DIST-F.SG-NOM |
| ullītim, ullīti; ammītim, ammīte | ullītim, ullīti; ammītim, ammīte | that:F.SG:GEN | ullī-t-im, ullī-t-i; ammī-t-im, ammī-t-e | DEM.DIST-F.SG-GEN |
| ullītam, ullīta; ammītam, ammīta | ullītam, ullīta; ammītam, ammīta | that:F.SG:ACC | ullī-t-am, ullī-t-a; ammī-t-am, ammī-t-a | DEM.DIST-F.SG-ACC |
| ullûtum, ullûtu; ammiūtum, ammûtu | ullûtum, ullûtu; ammiūtum, ammûtu | those:M.PL:NOM | ull-ût-um, ull-ût-u; ammi ūt um, amm-ût-u | DEM.DIST-M.PL-NOM |
| ullûtim, ullûti; ammiūtim, ammûte | ullûtim, ullûti; ammiūtim, ammûte | those:M.PL:GEN/ACC | ull-ût-im, ull-ût-i; ammi-ūt-im, amm-ût-e | DEM.DIST-M.PL-GEN/ACC |
| ulliātum, ullâtu; ammiātum, ammâtu | ulliātum, ullâtu; ammiātum, ammâtu | those:F.PL:NOM | ulli-āt-um, ull-ât-u; ammi-āt-um, amm-â-tu | DEM.DIST-F.PL-NOM |
| ulliātim, ullâti; ammiātim, ammâte | ulliātim, ullâti; ammiātim, ammâte | those:F.PL:GEN/ACC | ulli-āt-im, ull-ât-i; ammi-āt-im, amm-ât-e | DEM.DIST-F.PL-GEN/ACC |
Determinative/Relative pronoun
(Only in OAKK with full declination, later only ša is used.)
For detailed information see GAG §46.
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| šu | šu | DET/REL.M.SG.NOM | š:u | DET/REL.M.SG.NOM |
| ši | ši | DET/REL.M.SG:GEN | š:i | DET/REL.M.SG:GEN |
| ša | ša | DET/REL.M.SG:ACC | š:a | DET/REL.M.SG:ACC |
| šāt | šāt | DET/REL.F.SG.NOM/GEN/ACC | šāt | DET/REL.F.SG.NOM/GEN/ACC |
| šūt | šūt | DET/REL.PL.GEN | šūt | DET/REL.C.PL.GEN |
Interrrogative and indefinite pronouns
For further information see §47; indefinite pronouns are formed by reduplication of the interrogative and demonstrative pronouns, see § 48 (also for more forms).
Substantival and personal
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mannum, mannu | mannum, mannu | who:NOM | mann-um, mann-u | INDF.SUBST.ANIM NOM |
| mannim, manni | mannim, manni | whose:GEN | mann-im, mann-i | INDF.SUBST.ANIM GEN |
| mannam, manna | mannam, manna | whom:ACC | mann-am, mann-a | INDF.SUBST.ANIM-ACC |
Substantival and inpersonal
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mīnûm, mīnû; mīnum, mīnu | mīnûm, mīnû; mīnum, mīnu | what:NOM | mīn-ûm, mīn-û; mīn-um, mīn-u | INDF.SUBST.INANIM NOM |
| minim, mīnî; mīnim, mīni | minim, mīnî; mīnim, mīni | of_what:GEN | min-im, mīn-î; mīn-im, mīn-i | INDF.SUBST.INANIM-GEN |
| mīnâm, mīnâ; mīnam, mina | mīnâm, mīnâ; mīnam, mīna | what:ACC | mīn-âm, mīn-â; mīn-am, mīn-a | INDF.SUBST.INANIM-ACC |
Adjectival
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ajjum, ajju | ajjum, ajju | which.M.SG:NOM | ajj-um, ajj-u | which-(M)[SG]NOM |
| ajjim, ajji | ajjim, ajji | of_which.M.SG:GEN | ajj-im, ajj-i | which-(M)[SG]GEN |
| ajjam, ajja | ajjam, ajja | which.M.SG:ACC | ajj-am, ajj-a | which-(M)[SG]ACC |
| ajjītum, ajjītu | ajjītum, ajjītu | which:F.SG:NOM | ajj īt um, ajj-īt-u | which-F.SG-NOM |
| ajjītim, ajjīti | ajjītim, ajjīti | of_which:F.SG:GEN | ajj-īt-im, ajj-īt-i | which-F.SG-GEN |
| ajjītam, ajjīta | ajjītam, ajjīta | which:F.SG:ACC | ajj-īt-am, ajj-īt-a | which-F.SG-ACC |
| ajjūtum, ajjūtu | ajjūtum, ajjūtu | which:M.PL:NOM | ajj-ūt-um, ajj-ūt-u | which-M.PL-NOM |
| ajjūtim, ajjūti | ajjūtim, ajjūti | which:M.PL:GEN/ACC | ajj-ūt-im, ajj-ūt-i | which-M.PL-GEN/ACC |
| ajjātum, ajjātu | ajjātum, ajjātu | which:F.PL:NOM | ajj-āt-um, ajj-āt-u | which-F.PL-NOM |
| ajjātim, ajjāti | ajjātim, ajjāti | which:F.PL:GEN/ACC | ajj-āt-im, ajj-āt-i | which-F.PL-GEN/ACC |
Indefinite pronouns
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mamman | mamman | anybody | mam:man | anybody |
| mamma | mamma | anybody.PTCL | mam=ma | anybody=PTCL |
| mimma | mimma | anything.PTCL | mim=ma | anything=PTCL |
| ajjumma | ajjumma | any.M.SG:NOM.PTCL | ajj-um=ma | any-(M)[SG]NOM=PTCL |
| ajjamma | ajjamma | any.M.SG:ACC.PCTL | ajj-am=ma | any-(M)[SG]ACC=PTCL |
| ajjītumma | ajjītumma | any:F.SG:NOM.PCTL | ajjī-t-um=ma | any-F.SG-NOM=PTCL |
| ajjūtumma | ajjūtumma | any:M.PL:NOM.PCTL | ajj-ūt-um=ma | any-M.PL-NOM=PTCL |
| ajjātumma | ajjātumma | any:F.PL:NOM.PCTL | ajj-āt-um=ma | any-F.PL-NOM=PTCL |
| annanna | annanna | Nomen_nominandum | ann~anna | DEM.PROX~DEM.PROX |
| annannītum, annannītu | annannītum, annannītu | Nomen_nominandum:F.SG:NOM | ann~annī-t-um, annannītu | DEM.PROX~DEM.PROX-F.SG-NOM |
Nouns (OB, MB; OA, MA)
For further information see §§60-67.
Status rectus
Substantive
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| šarrum, šarru | šarrum, šarru | king.M.SG:NOM | šarr-um, šarr-u | king(M)[SG]-NOM |
| šarram, šarra | šarram, šarra | king.M.SG:ACC | šarram, šarra | king(M)[SG]-ACC |
| šarrim, šarri; šarre | šarrim, šarri; šarre | king.M.SG:GEN | šarrim, šarri; šarre | king(M)[SG]-GEN |
| šarrū | šarrū | king.M:NOM.PL | šarr-ū | king(M)-NOM.PL |
| šarrī; šarrē | šarrī; šarrē | king.M:GEN/ACC.PL | šarr-ī; šarr-ē | king(M)-GEN/ACC.PL |
| šarrānu | šarrānu | king.M:NOM.PL | šarr-ānu | king(M)-NOM.PL |
| šarrāni | šarrāni | king.M:GEN/ACC.PL | šarr-āni | king(M)-GEN/ACC.PL |
| šarrān | šarrān | king.M:NOM.DU | šarr-ān | king(M)-DU.NOM |
| šarrīn; šarrēn | šarrīn; šarrēn | king.M:GEN/ACC.DU | šarr-īn; šarr-ēn | king(M)-DU.GEN/ACC |
| ṣillum | ṣillum | shadow.M.SG:LOC | ṣill-um | shadow(M)[SG]-LOC |
| šarriš | šarriš | king.M.SG:TERM | šarr-iš | king(M)[SG]-TERM |
| šarratum, šarratu; šarrutum, šarrutu | šarratum, šarratu; šarrutum, šarrutu | queen:F.SG:NOM | šarr:at-um, šarr:at-u; šarr:ut um, šarr:ut u | queen:F.SG-NOM |
| šarratam, šarrata | šarratam, šarrata | queen:F.SG:ACC | šarr:at-am, šarr:at-a | queen:F.SG-ACC |
| šarratim, šarrati; šarritim, šarrete | šarratim, šarrati; šarritim, šarrete | queen:F.SG:GEN | šarr:at-im, šarr:at-i; šarr:it-im, šarr:et-e | queen:F.SG-GEN |
| šarrātum; šarrātu | šarrātum; šarrātu | queen:F.PL:NOM | šarr:āt-um; šarr:āt-u | queen:F.PL-NOM |
| bēlētum, bēlētu; bēlātum, bēlātu | bēlētum, bēlētu; bēlātum, bēlātu | lady:F.PL:NOM | bēl:ēt-um, bēl:ēt-u; bēl:āt-um, bēl:āt-u | lady:F.PL-NOM |
| šarrātim, šarrāti; šarrāte | šarrātim, šarrāti; šarrāte | queen:F.PL:GEN/ACC | šarr:āt-im, šarr:āt-i; šarr:āt-e | queen:F.PL-GEN/ACC |
| šarrātān | šarrātān | queen:F.PL:NOM.DU | šarr:āt-ān | queen:F.PL-DU.NOM |
| šarrātīn; šarrātēn | šarrātīn; šarrātēn | queen:F.PL:GEN/ACC.DU | šarr:āt-īn; šarr:āt-ēn | queen:F.PL-DU.GEN/ACC |
| šipirtum | šipirtum | message:F.SG:LOC | šipir:t-um | message:F.SG-LOC |
| šarrātiš | šarrātiš | queen:F.PL:TERM | šarr:āt-iš | queen:F.PL-TERM |
Adjective
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| damqum, damqu | damqum, damqu | good.M.SG:NOM | damq-um, damq-u | good(M)[SG]-NOM |
| damqam, damqa | damqam, damqa | good.M.SG:ACC | damq-am, damq-a | good(M)[SG]-ACC |
| damqim, damqi; damqe | damqim, damqi; damqe | good.M.SG:GEN | damq-im, damq-i; damq-e | good(M)[SG]-GEN |
| damqūtum, damqūtu | damqūtum, damqūtu | good:M.PL:NOM | damq-ūt-um, damq-ūt-u | good-M.PL-NOM |
| damqūti, damqūte | damqūti, damqūte | good:M.PL:GEN/ACC | damq-ūt-i, damq-ūt-e | good-M.PL-GEN/ACC |
| damiqtum, damiqtu | damiqtum, damiqtu | good:F.SG:NOM | damiqt-um, damiqt-u | good-F.SG-NOM |
| damiqtam, damiqta | damiqtam, damiqta | good-F.SG:ACC | damiq-t-am, damiq-t-a | good-F.SG-ACC |
| damiqtim, damiqti; damiqte | damiqtim, damiqti; damiqte | good:F.SG:GEN | damiq-t-im, damiq-t-i; damiq-t-e | good-F.SG-GEN |
| damqātum, damqātu | damqātum, damqātu | good:F.PL:NOM | damq-āt-um, damq-āt-u | good-F.PL-NOM |
| damqātim, damqāti; damqāte | damqātim, damqāti; damqāte | good:F.SG:GEN/ACC | damq-āt-im, damq-āt-i; damq-āt-e | good-F.SG-GEN/ACC |
Status constructus
For more information see § 64-65.
Status constructus with genitive (Status rectus bēlum, šarratum, abum, kunukkum, kalbum, šubtum, qīštum) = Status absolutus.
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bēl | bēl | lord.M.SG.STC | bēl | lord(M)[SG]\STC |
| šarrat | šarrat | queen:F.SG.STC | šarr:at | queen:F.SG\STC |
| abi | abi | father.M.SG.STC | ab-i | father(M)[SG]\STC-EPNTH |
| kunuk | kunuk | cylinder_seal.M.SG.STC | kunuk | cylinder_seal(M)[SG]\STC |
| kalab | kalab | dog.M.SG.STC | kalab | dog(M)[SG]\STC |
| šubat | šubat | residence:F.SG.STC | šub:at | residence:F.SG\STC |
| qīšti | qīšti | present:F.SG.STC | qīš:t-i | present:F.SG\STC-EPNTH |
| bēlū | bēlū | lords.M.STC:NOM.PL | bēl-ū | lord(M)\STC-NOM.PL |
| bēlī | bēlī | lords.M.STC:GEN/ACC.PL | bēl-ī | lords(M)\STC-GEN/ACC.PL |
| šarrāt | šarrāt | queens:F.PL.STC | šarr:āt | queen:F.PL\STC |
| bēlā | bēlā | lords.M.STC:DU | bēl-ā | lords(M)\STC-DU |
Status constructus nominative/accusative with suffix 1SG; plural only nominative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bēlī | bēlī | lord.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.POSS | bēl-ī | lord(M)[SG]\STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.POSS |
| šarratī | šarratī | queen:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.POSS | šarr:at-ī | queen:F.SG\STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.POSS |
| abī | abī | father.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.POSS | ab-ī | father(M)[SG]\STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.POSS |
| kunukkī | kunukkī | cylinder_seal.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.POSS | kunukk-ī | cylinder_seal(M)[SG]\STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.POSS |
| kalbi | kalbī | dog.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.POSS | kalb-ī | dog(M)[SG]\STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.POSS |
| šubtī | šubtī | residence:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.POSS | šub:t-ī | residence:F.SG\STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.POSS |
| qīštī | qīštī | present:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.POSS | qīš:t-ī | present:F.SG\STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.POSS |
| bēlū’a | bēlū’a | lords.M.STC:NOM.PL:1SG.POSS | bēl-ū-’a | lords(M)\STC-NOM.PL-1SG.POSS |
| šarrātū’a | šarrātū’a | queens:F.PL.STC:NOM.PL:1SG.POSS | šarr:āt-ū-’a | queens:F.PL\STC-NOM.PL-1SG.POSS |
| bēlāja, bēlā’a |
bēlā, bēlā’a | lords.M.STC:NOM.DU:1SG.POSS | bēl-ā-ja, bēl-ā-’a | lords(M)\STC-DU.NOM-1SG.POSS |
Status constructus nominative/accusative with suffixes of other persons; plural only nominative
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bēlka | bēlka | lord.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.POSS | bēl-ka | lord(M)[SG]\STC.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.POSS |
| šarratka | šarratka | queen:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.POSS | šarr:at-ka | queen:F.SG\STC.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.POSS |
| abūka abāka |
abūka abāka |
father.M.SG.STC:NOM:2SG.M.POSS father.M.SG.STC:ACC:2SG.M.POSS |
ab-ū-ka ab-ā-ka |
father(M)[SG]\STC-NOM-2SG.M.POSS father(M)[SG]\STC-ACC-2SG.M.POSS |
| kunukkaka | kunukkaka | cylinder_seal.M.SG.STC:EPNTH.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.POSS | kunukk-a-ka | cylinder_seal(M)[SG]\STC-EPNTH.NOM/ACC -2SG.M.POSS |
| kalabka | kalabka | dog.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.POSS | kalab-ka | dog(M)[SG]\STC.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.POSS |
| šubatka | šubatka | residence:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.POSS | šub:at-ka | residence-F.SG\STC.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.POSS |
| qīštaka | qīštaka | present:F.SG.STC:EPNTH.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.POSS | qīš:t-a-ka | present:F.SG\STC-EPNTH.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.POSS |
| bēlūka | bēlūka | lords.M.STC:NOM.PL:2SG.M.POSS | bēl-ū-ka | lords(M)\STC-NOM.PL-2SG.M.POSS |
| šarrātūka | šarrātūka | queens:F.PL.STC:NOM.PL:2SG.M.POSS | šarr:āt-ū-ka | queens:F.PL\STC-NOM.PL-2SG.M.POSS |
| bēlāka | bēlāka | lords.M.STC:NOM.DU:2SG.M.POSS | bēl-ā-ka | lords(M)\STC-DU.NOM-2SG.M.POSS |
Status constructus genitive with suffixes of all persons; plural oblique
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bēlija | bēlija | lord.M.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS | bēl-i-ja | lord(M)[SG]\STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |
| šarratija | šarratija | queen:F.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS | šarr:at-i-ja | queen:F.SG\STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |
| abīja | abīja | father.M.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS | ab-ī-ja | father(M)[SG]\STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |
| kunukkija | kunukkija | cylinder_seal.M.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS | kunukk-i-ja | cylinder_seal(M)[SG]\STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |
| kalbija | kalbija | dog.M.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS | kalb-i-ja | dog(M)[SG]\STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |
| šubtija | šubtija | residence:F.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS | šub:t-i-ja | residence:F.SG\STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |
| qīštija | qīštija | present:F.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS | qīš:t-i-ja | present:F.SG\STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |
| bēlīja | bēlīja | lords.M.STC:GEN/ACC.PL:1SG.POSS | bēl-ī-ja | lords(M)\STC-GEN/ACC.PL-1SG.POSS |
| šarrātīja | šarrātīja | queens:F.PL.STC:GEN/ACC.PL:1SG.POSS | šarr:āt-ī-ja | queens:F.PL\STC-GEN/ACC.PL-1SG.POSS |
| bēlīja | bēlīja | lords.M.STC:GEN/ACC.DU:1SG.POSS | bēl-ī-ja | lords(M)\STC-DU.GEN/ACC-1SG.POSS |
Nouns and Verbs
Stative (B;A)
For further information see §§75 a-c, 77, 87 l (OA and seldom archaic OB is the 2SG a communis form –āti; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
zikarum ‘man’, bēlum ‘lord’, parāsum ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| zikarāku | zikarāku | man.STAT:1SG | zikar-āku | man\STAT-1SG.C |
| zikarāta | zikarāta | man.STAT:2SG.M | zikar-āt:a | man\STAT-2SG:M |
| zikarāti | zikarāti | man.STAT:2SG.F | zikar-āt:i | man\STAT-2SG:F |
| zikar | zikar | man.STAT.3SG.M | zikar | man\STAT(3SG.M) |
| zikarat | zikarat | man.STAT:3SG.F | zikar-at | man\STAT-3SG.F |
| zikarānu; zikarāni | zikarānu; zikarāni | man.STAT:1PL man.STAT:1PL |
zikar-ānu; zikar-āni | man\STAT-1PL.C man\STAT-1PL.C |
| zikarātunu | zikarātunu | man.STAT:2PL.M | zikar-ātunu | man\STAT-2PL.M |
| zikarātina | zikarātina | man.STAT:2PL.F | zikar-ātina | man\STAT-2PL.F |
| zikarū | zikarū | man.STAT:3PL.M | zikar-ū | man\STAT-3PL.M |
| zikarā | zikarā | man.STAT:3PL.F | zikar-ā | man\STAT-3PL.F |
| bēlēku | bēlēku | lord.STAT:1SG | bēl-ēku | lord\STAT-1SG.C |
| bēlēta; bēlāti | bēlēta; bēlāti |
lord.STAT:2SG.M lord.STAT:2SG |
bēl-ēt:a; bēl-āt:i |
lord\STAT-2SG:M lord\STAT-2SG:C |
| bēlēti | bēlēti | lord.STAT:2SG.F | bēl-ēt:i | lord\STAT-2SG:F |
| bēl | bēl | lord.STAT.3SG.M | bēl | lord\STAT(3SG.M) |
| bēlēt; bēlāt | bēlēt; bēlāt | lord.STAT:3SG.F | bēl-ēt; bēl-āt | lord\STAT-3SG.F |
| bēlēnu; bēlāni | bēlēnu; bēlāni | lord.STAT:1PL | bēl-ēnu; bēl-āni | lord\STAT-1PL.C |
| bēlētunu; bēlātunu | bēlētunu; bēlātunu | lord.STAT:2PL.M | bēl-ētunu; bēl-ātunu | lord\STAT-2PL.M |
| bēlētina; bēlātina | bēlētina; bēlātina | lord.STAT:2PL.F | bēl-ētina; bēl-ātina | lord\STAT-2PL.F |
| bēlū | bēlū | lord.STAT:3PL.M | bēl-ū | lord\STAT-3PL.M |
| bēlā | bēlā | lord.STAT:3PL.F | bēl-ā | lord\STAT-3PL.F |
| parsāku | parsāku | cut.STAT:1SG | pars-āku | cut\STAT-1SG.C |
| parsāta | parsāta | cut.STAT:2SG.M | pars-āt:a | cut\STAT-2SG:M |
| parsāti | parsāti | cut.STAT:2SG.F | pars-āt:i | cut\STAT-2SG:F |
| paris | paris | cut.STAT.3SG.M | paris | cut\STAT(3SG.M) |
| parsat | parsat | cut.STAT:3SG.F | pars-at | cut\STAT-3SG.F |
| parsānu; parsāni | parsānu; parsāni | cut.STAT:1PL | pars-ānu; pars-āni | cut\STAT-1PL.C |
| parsātunu | parsātunu | cut.STAT:2PL.M | pars-ātunu | cut\STAT-2PL.M |
| parsātina | parsātina | cut.STAT:2PL.F | pars-ātina | cut\STAT-2PL.F |
| parsū | parsū | cut.STAT:3PL.M | pars-ū | cut\STAT-3PL.M |
| parsā | parsā | cut.STAT:3PL.F | pars-ā | cut\STAT-3PL.F |
Verbs
Present tense G (Babylonian)
For the Assyrian vocal harmony see § 10e.
For further information see §§75, 78, 87 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aparras | aparras | 1SG:cut.G.PRS | a-parras | 1SG.C-cut\G.PRS |
| taparras | taparras | 2SG.M:cut.G.PRS | ta-parras | 2SG.M- cut\G.PRS |
| taparrasī | taparrasī | 2SG.F1:cut.G.PRS:2SG.F1 | ta-parras-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\G.PRS-2SG.F1 |
| iparras | iparras | 3SG.M:cut.G.PRS | iparras | 3SG.M-cut\G.PRS |
| taparras | taparras | 3SG.F:cut.G.PRS | ta-parras | 3SG.F-cut\G.PRS |
| niparras | niparras | 1PL:cut.G.PRS | ni-parras | 1PL.C-cut\G.PRS |
| taparrasā | taparrasā | 2PL1:cut.G.PRS:2PL1 | ta-parras-ā | 2PL.C1-cut\G.PRS-2PL.C1 |
| iparrasū | iparrasū | 3PL.M1:cut.G.PRS:3PL.M1 | i-parras-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\G.PRS-3PL.M1 |
| iparrasā | iparrasā | 3PL.F1:cut.G.PRS:3PL.F1 | i-parras-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\G.PRS-3PL.F1 |
Perfect tense G
For further information see §§75, 80, 87 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aptaras | aptaras | 1SG:cut.G.PRF | a-ptaras | 1SG.C-cut\G.PRF |
| taptaras | taptaras | 2SG.M:cut.G.PRF | ta-ptaras | 2SG.M-cut\G.PRF |
| taptarsī | taptarsī | 2SG.F1:cut.G.PRF:2SG.F1 | ta-ptars-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\G.PRF-2SG.F1 |
| iptaras | iptaras | 3SG.M:cut.G.PRF | i-ptaras | 3SG.M-cut\G.PRF |
| taptaras | taptaras | 3SG.F:cut.G.PRF | ta-ptaras | 3SG.F-cut\G.PRF |
| niptaras | niptaras | 1PL:cut.G.PRF | ni-ptaras | 1PL.C-cut\G.PRF |
| taptarsā | taptarsā | 2PL1:cut.G.PRF:2PL1 | ta-ptars-ā | 2PL.C1-cut\G.PRF-2PL.C1 |
| iptarsū | iptarsū | 3PL.M1:cut.G.PRF:3PL.M1 | i-ptars-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\G.PRF-3PL.M1 |
| iptarsā | iptarsā | 3PL.F1:cut.G.PRF:3PL.F1 | i-ptars-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\G.PRF-3PL.F1 |
Preterit tense G
For further information see §§75, 79, 87 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aprus | aprus | 1SG:cut.G.PRT | a-prus | 1SG.C-cut\G.PRT |
| taprus | taprus | 2SG.M:cut.G.PRT | ta-prus | 2SG.M- cut\G.PRT |
| taprusī | taprusī | 2SG.F1:cut.G.PRT:2SG.F1 | ta-prus-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\G.PRT-2SG.F1 |
| iprus | iprus | 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT | i-prus | 3SG.M-cut\G.PRT |
| taprus | taprus | 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT | ta-prus | 3SG.F-cut\G.PRT |
| niprus | niprus | 1PL:cut.G.PRT | ni-prus | 1PL.C-cut\G.PRT |
| taprusā | taprusā | 2PL1:cut.G.PRT:2PL1 | ta-prus-ā | 2PL.C1-cut\G.PRT-2PL.C1 |
| iprusū | iprusū | 3PL.M1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M1 | i-prus-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.M1 |
| iprusā | iprusā | 3PL.F1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F1 | i-prus-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.F1 |
Imperative, precative
(1C.PL only older A), vetitive (aj + PRT), prohibitive (lā + PRS), verbal adjective, participle, infinitve, stative G (B;A).
For further information see §§75 j, 77, 81, 85,87 e/f.
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| purus | purus | cut.IMP.M.SG | purus | cut\IMP-M.SG |
| pursī | pursī | cut:IMP.SG.F | purs-ī | cut\IMP-F.SG |
| pursā | pursā | cut:IMP.PL | purs-ā | cut\IMP-C.PL |
| luprus; laprus | luprus; laprus | PRC.1C.SG:cut.G.PRT | lu-prus; la-prus | PRC.1.C.SG-cut\G.PRT |
| liprus | liprus | PRC.3SG.M-cut.G.PRT | li-prus | PRC.3SG.M-cut\G.PRT |
| -; lū taprus | -; lū taprus | PRC 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT | -; lū taprus | PRC 3SG.F-cut\G.PRT |
| i niprus; lū niprus |
i niprus; lū niprus |
PRC 1C.PL:cut.G.PRT PRC 1C.PL:cut.G.PRT |
i ni-prus; lū ni-prus |
PRC 1C.PL-cut\G.PRT PRC 1C.PL-cut\G.PRT |
| liprusū | liprusū | PRC.3PL.M1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M1 | li-prus-ū | PRC.3PL.M1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.M1 |
| liprusā | liprusā | PRC.3PL.F1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F1 | li-prus-ā | PRC.3PL.F1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.F1 |
| aj iprus | aj iprus | VET 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT | aj i-prus | VET 3SG.M-cut\G.PRT |
| lā iparras | lā iparras | NEG 3SG.M:cut.G.PRS | lā i-parras | NEG 3SG.M-cut\G.PRS |
| parsum, parsu | parsum, parsu | cut.ADJ | parsum, parsu | cut\ADJ |
| pārisum, pārisu | pārisum, pārisu | cut.PTCP | pārisum, pārisu | cut\PTCP |
| parāsum, parāsu | parāsum, parāsu | cut.INF | parāsum, parāsu | cut\INF |
| paris | paris | cut.STAT.3SG.M | paris | cut\STAT(3SG.M) |
Subordinative (B;A)
(As an example here with Preterit G) (B;A).
For further information see § 83; 3SG.M in B communis; u = B, -(ū)ni =A, forms with a vocalic ending don’t show any subordinative marker in B, in this case, only the Assyrian form is stated.
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aprusu; aprusūni | aprusu; aprusūni | 1SG:cut.G.PRT:SBRD | a-prus-u; aprus-ūni | 1SG.C-cut\G.PRT-SBRD |
| taprusu; taprusūni | taprusu; taprusūni | 2SG.M:cut.G.PRT:SBRD | ta-prus-u; taprus-ūni | 2SG.M- cut\G.PRT-SBRD |
| taprusīni | taprusīni | 2SG.F1:cut.G.PRT:2SG.F1:SBRD | taprusīni | 2SG.F1-cut\G.PRT-2SG.F1-SBRD |
| iprusu; iprusūni | iprusu; iprusūni | 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT:SBRD | i-prus-u; iprus-ūni | 3SG.M-cut\G.PRT-SBRD |
| taprusu; taprusūni | taprusu; taprusūni | 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT:SBRD | ta-prus-u; taprus-ūni | 3SG.F-cut\G.PRT-SBRD |
| niprusu; niprusūni | niprusu; niprusūni | 1PL:cut.G.PRT:SBRD | ni-prus-u; niprus-ūni | 1PL.C-cut\G.PRT-SBRD |
| taprusāni | taprusāni | 2PL1:cut.G.PRT:2PL1:SBRD | taprusā-ni | 2PL.C1-cut\G.PRT-2PL.C1-SBRD |
| iprusūni | iprusūni | 3PL.M1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M1:SBRD | iprus-ūni | 3PL.M1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.M1-SBRD |
| iprusāni | iprusāni | 3PL.F1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F1:SBRD | iprusā-ni | 3PL.F1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.F1:SBRD |
Ventive (OAKK and B)
(As an example here with Preterit G)
For further information see § 82; 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F; 2SG.F indicative form = ventive form after the mimation is dropped off (here, only the form with mimation is stated).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aprusam, aprusa | aprusam, aprusa | 1SG:cut.G.PRT:VENT | a-prus-am, a-prus-a | 1SG.C-cut\G.PRT-VENT |
| taprusam, taprusa | taprusam, taprusa | 2SG.M:cut.G.PRT:VENT | ta-prus-am, ta-prus-a | 2SG.M- cut\G.PRT-VENT |
| taprusīm | taprusīm | 2SG.F1:cut.G.PRT:2SG.F1:VENT | ta-prus-ī-m | 2SG.F1-cut\G.PRT-2SG.F1-VENT |
| iprusam, iprusa | iprusam, iprusa | 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT:VENT | i-prus-am, i-prus-a | 3SG.M-cut\G.PRT-VENT |
| taprusam, taprusa | taprusam, taprusa | 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT:VENT | ta-prus-am, ta-prus-a | 3SG.F-cut\G.PRT-VENT |
| niprusam, niprusa |
niprusam, niprusa |
1PL:cut.G.PRT:VENT | ni-prus-am, ni-prus-a |
1PL.C-cut\G.PRT-VENT |
| taprusānim, taprusāni | taprusānim, taprusāni | 2PL1:cut.G.PRT:2PL1:VENT | ta-prus-ā-nim, ta-prus-ā-ni | 2PL.C1-cut\G.PRT-2PL.C1-VENT |
| iprusūnim, iprusūni | iprusūnim, iprusūni | 3PL.M1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M1:VENT | i-prus-ū-nim, i-prus-ū-ni | 3PL.M1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.M1-VENT |
| iprusānim, iprusāni | iprusānim, iprusāni | 3PL.F1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F1:VENT | i-prus-ā-nim, i-prus-ā-ni | 3PL.F1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.F1-VENT |
Assyrian subordinative of the ventive
(As an example here with Preterit G)
For further information see § 82; *-am-ni, *nim-ni > -anni, -ninni.
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aprusanni | aprusanni | 1SG:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD | a-prus-an-ni | 1SG.C-cut\G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |
| taprusanni | taprusanni | 2SG.M:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD | ta-prus-an-ni | 2SG.M- cut\G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |
| taprusīnni | taprusīnni | 2SG.F1:cut.G.PRT:2SG.F1:VENT:SBRD | ta-prus-ī-n-ni | 2SG.F1-cut\G.PRT-2SG.F1-VENT-SBRD |
| iprusanni | iprusanni | 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD | i-prus-an-ni | 3SG.M-cut\G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |
| taprusanni | taprusanni | 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD | ta-prus-an-ni | 3SG.F-cut\G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |
| niprusanni | niprusanni | 1PL:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD | ni-prus-an-ni | 1PL.C-cut\G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |
| taprusāninni | taprusāninni | 2PL1:cut.G.PRT:2PL1:VENT:SBRD | ta-prus-ā-nin-ni | 2PL.C1-cut\G.PRT-2PL.C1-VENT-SBRD |
| iprusūninni | iprusūninni | 3PL.M1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M1:VENT:SBRD | i-prus-ū-nin-ni | 3PL.M1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.M1-VENT-SBRD |
| iprusāninni | iprusāninni | 3PL.F1:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F1:VENT:SBRD | i-prus-ā-nin-ni | 3PL.F1-cut\G.PRT-3PL.F1-VENT-SBRD |
Present tense Gt (Babylonian)
For the Assyrian vocal harmony see § 10e.
For further information see §§75, 78, 92 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aptarras | aptarras | 1SG:cut.GT.PRS | a-ptarras | 1SG.C-cut\GT.PRS |
| taptarras | taptarras | 2SG.M:cut.GT.PRS | ta-ptarras | 2SG.M- cut\GT.PRS |
| taptarrasī | taptarrasī | 2SG.F1:cut.GT.PRS:2SG.F1 | ta-ptarras-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\GT.PRS-2SG.F1 |
| iptarras | iptarras | 3SG.M:cut.GT.PRS | iptarras | 3SG.M-cut\GT.PRS |
| taptarras | taptarras | 3SG.F:cut.GT.PRS | ta-ptarras | 3SG.F-cut\GT.PRS |
| niptarras | niptarras | 1PL:cut.GT.PRS | ni-ptarras | 1PL.C-cut\GT.PRS |
| taptarrasā | taptarrasā | 2PL1:cut.GT.PRS:2PL1 | ta-ptarras-ā | 2PL.C1-cut\GT.PRS-2PL.C1 |
| iptarrasū | iptarrasū | 3PL.M1:cut.GT.PRS:3PL.M1 | i-ptarras-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\GT.PRS-3PL.M1 |
| iptarrasā | iptarrasā | 3PL.F1:cut.GT.PRS:3PL.F1 | i-ptarras-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\GT.PRS-3PL.F1 |
Preterit tense Gt = perfect tense G
For further information see §§75, 79, 80, 88, 93 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aptaras | aptaras | 1SG:cut.GT.PRT | a-ptaras | 1SG.C-cut\GT.PRT |
| taptaras | taptaras | 2SG.M:cut.GT.PRT | ta-ptaras | 2SG.M-cut\GT.PRT |
| taptarsī | taptarsī | 2SG.F1:cut.GT.PRT:2SG.F1 | ta-ptars-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\GT.PRT-2SG.F1 |
| iptaras | iptaras | 3SG.M:cut.GT.PRT | i-ptaras | 3SG.M-cut\GT.PRT |
| taptaras | taptaras | 3SG.F:cut.GT.PRT | ta-ptaras | 3SG.F-cut\GT.PRT |
| niptaras | niptaras | 1PL:cut.GT.PRT | ni-ptaras | 1PL.C-cut\GT.PRT |
| taptarsā | taptarsā | 2PL1:cut.GT.PRT:2PL1 | ta-ptars-ā | 2PL.C1-cut\GT.PRT-2PL.C1 |
| iptarsū | iptarsū | 3PL.M1:cut.GT.PRT:3PL.M1 | i-ptars-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\GT.PRT-3PL.M1 |
| iptarsā | iptarsā | 3PL.F1:cut.GT.PRT:3PL.F1 | i-ptars-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\GT.PRT-3PL.F1 |
Present tense D (Babylonian)
For the Assyrian vocal harmony see § 10e.
For further information see §§75, 78, 88 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uparras | uparras | 1SG:cut.D.PRS | u-parras | 1SG-cut\D.PRS |
| tuparras | tuparras | 2SG.M:cut.D.PRS | tu-parras | 2SG.M-cut\D.PRS |
| tuparrasī | tuparrasī | 2SG.F1:cut.D.PRS:2SG.F1 | tu-parras-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\D.PRS-2SG.F1 |
| uparras | uparras | 3SG.M:cut.D.PRS | u-parras | 3SG.M-cut\D.PRS |
| tuparras | tuparras | 3SG.F:cut.D.PRS | tu-parras | 3SG.F-cut\D.PRS |
| nuparras | nuparras | 1PL:cut.D.PRS | nu-parras | 1PL-cut\D.PRS |
| tuparrasā | tuparrasā | 2PL1:cut.D.PRS:2PL1 | tu-parras-ā | 2PL1-cut\D.PRS-2PL1 |
| uparrasū | uparrasū | 3PL.M1:cut.D.PRS:3PL.M1 | u-parras-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\D.PRS-3PL.M1 |
| uparrasā | uparrasā | 3PL.F1:cut.D.PRS:3PL.F1 | u-parras-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\D.PRS-3PL.F1 |
Preterit tense D
For further information see §§75, 79, 88 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uparris | uparris | 1SG:cut.D.PRT | u-parris | 1SG-cut\D.PRT |
| tuparris | tuparris | 2SG.M:cut.D.PRT | tu-parris | 2SG.M-cut\D.PRT |
| tuparrisī | tuparrasī | 2SG.F1:cut.D.PRT:2SG.F1 | tu-parris-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\D.PRT-2SG.F1 |
| uparris | uparris | 3SG.M:cut.D.PRT | u-parris | 3SG.M-cut\D.PRT |
| tuparris | tuparris | 3SG.F:cut.D.PRT | tu-parris | 3SG.F-cut\D.PRT |
| nuparris | nuparris | 1PL:cut.D.PRT | nu-parris | 1PL-cut\D.PRT |
| tuparrisā | tuparrisā | 2PL1:cut.D.PRT:2PL1 | tu-parris-ā | 2PL1-cut\D.PRT-2PL1 |
| uparrisū | uparrisū | 3PL.M1:cut.D.PRT:3PL.M1 | u-parris-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\D.PRT-3PL.M1 |
| uparrisā | uparrisā | 3PL.F1:cut.D.PRT:3PL.F1 | u-parris-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\D.PRT-3PL.F1 |
Present tense Dt (Babylonian)
For the Assyrian vocal harmony see § 10e.
For further information see §§75, 78, 93 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uptarras | uptarras | 1SG:cut.DT.PRS | u-ptarras | 1SG-cut\DT.PRS |
| tuptarras | tuptarras | 2SG.M:cut.DT.PRS | tu-ptarras | 2SG.M-cut\DT.PRS |
| tuptarrasī | tuptarrasī | 2SG.F1:cut.DT.PRS:2SG.F1 | tu-ptarras-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\DT.PRS-2SG.F1 |
| uptarras | uptarras | 3SG.M:cut.DT.PRS | u-ptarras | 3SG.M-cut\DT.PRS |
| tuptarras | tuptarras | 3SG.F:cut.DT.PRS | tu-ptarras | 3SG.F-cut\DT.PRS |
| nuptarras | nuptarras | 1PL:cut.DT.PRS | nu-ptarras | 1PL-cut\DT.PRS |
| tuptarrasā | tuptarrasā | 2PL1:cut.DT.PRS:2PL1 | tu-ptarras-ā | 2PL1-cut\DT.PRS-2PL1 |
| uptarrasū | uptarrasū | 3PL.M1:cut.DT.PRS:3PL.M1 | u-ptarras-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\DT.PRS-3PL.M1 |
| uptarrasā | uptarrasā | 3PL.F1:cut.DT.PRS:3PL.F1 | u-ptarras-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\DT.PRS-3PL.F1 |
Preterit tense Dt = perfect tense D
For further information see §§75, 79, 80, 88, 93 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uptarris | uptarris | 1SG:cut.DT.PRT | u-ptarris | 1SG-cut\DT.PRT |
| tuptarris | tuptarris | 2SG.M:cut.DT.PRT | tu-ptarris | 2SG.M-cut\DT.PRT |
| tuptarrisī | tuptarrasī | 2SG.F1:cut.DT.PRT:2SG.F1 | tu-ptarris-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\DT.PRT-2SG.F1 |
| uptarris | uptarris | 3SG.M:cut.DT.PRT | u-ptarris | 3SG.M-cut\DT.PRT |
| tuptarris | tuptarris | 3SG.F:cut.DT.PRT | tu-ptarris | 3SG.F-cut\DT.PRT |
| nuptarris | nuptarris | 1PL:cut.DT.PRT | nu-ptarris | 1PL-cut\DT.PRT |
| tuptarrisā | tuptarrisā | 2PL1:cut.DT.PRT:2PL1 | tu-ptarris-ā | 2PL1-cut\DT.PRT-2PL1 |
| uptarrisū | uptarrisū | 3PL.M1:cut.DT.PRT:3PL.M1 | u-ptarris-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\DT.PRT-3PL.M1 |
| uptarrisā | uptarrisā | 3PL.F1:cut.DT.PRT:3PL.F1 | u-ptarris-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\DT.PRT-3PL.F1 |
Present tense Š (Babylonian)
For the Assyrian vocal harmony see § 10e.
For further information see §§75, 78, 89 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ušapras | ušapras | 1SG:cut.S.PRS | u-šapras | 1SG-cut\S.PRS |
| tušapras | tušapras | 2SG.M:cut.S.PRS | tu-šapras | 2SG.M-cut\S.PRS |
| tušaprasī | tušaprasī | 2SG.F1:cut.S.PRS:2SG.F1 | tu-šapras-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\S.PRS-2SG.F1 |
| ušapras | ušapras | 3SG.M:cut.S.PRS | u-šapras | 3SG.M-cut\S.PRS |
| tušapras | tušapras | 3SG.F:cut.S.PRS | tu-šapras | 3SG.F-cut\S.PRS |
| nušapras | nušapras | 1PL:cut.S.PRS | nu-šapras | 1PL-cut\S.PRS |
| tušaprasā | tušaprasā | 2PL1:cut.S.PRS:2PL1 | tu-šapras-ā | 2PL1-cut\S.PRS-2PL1 |
| ušaprasū | ušaprasū | 3PL.M1:cut.S.PRS:3PL.M1 | u-šapras-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\S.PRS-3PL.M1 |
| ušaprasā | ušaprasā | 3PL.F1:cut.S.PRS:3PL.F1 | u-šapras-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\S.PRS-3PL.F1 |
Preterit tense Š
For further information see §§75, 79, 89 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ušapris | ušapris | 1SG:cut.S.PRT | u-šapris | 1SG-cut\S.PRT |
| tušapris | tušapris | 2SG.M:cut.S.PRT | tu-šapris | 2SG.M-cut\S.PRT |
| tušaprisī | tušaprisī | 2SG.F1:cut.S.PRT:2SG.F1 | tu-šapris-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\S.PRT-2SG.F1 |
| ušapris | ušapris | 3SG.M:cut.S.PRT | u-šapris | 3SG.M-cut\S.PRT |
| tušapris | tušapris | 3SG.F:cut.S.PRT | tu-šapris | 3SG.F-cut\S.PRT |
| nušapris | nušapris | 1PL:cut.S.PRT | nu-šapris | 1PL-cut\S.PRT |
| tušaprisā | tušaprisā | 2PL1:cut.S.PRT:2PL1 | tu-šapris-ā | 2PL1-cut\S.PRT-2PL1 |
| ušaprisū | ušaprisū | 3PL.M1:cut.S.PRT:3PL.M1 | u-šapris-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\S.PRT-3PL.M1 |
| ušaprisā | ušaprisā | 3PL.F1:cut.S.PRT:3PL.F1 | u-šapris-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\S.PRT-3PL.F1 |
Present tense Št1 und Št2 (Babylonian)
For the Assyrian vocal harmony see § 10e.
For further information see §§75, 78, 94 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uštapras; uštaparras | uštapras; uštaparras | 1SG:cut.ST.PRS | u-štapras; u-štaparras | 1SG-cut\ST.PRS |
| tuštapras; tuštaparras | tuštapras; tuštaparras | 2SG.M:cut.ST.PRS | tu-štapras; tu-štaparras | 2SG.M-cut\ST.PRS |
| tuštaprasī; tuštaparrasī | tuštaprasī; tuštaparrasī | 2SG.F1:cut.ST.PRS:2SG.F1 | tu-štapras-ī; tu-štaparras-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\ST.PRS-2SG.F1 |
| uštapras; uštaparras | uštapras; uštaparras | 3SG.M:cut.ST.PRS | u-štapras; u-štaparras | 3SG.M-cut\ST.PRS |
| tuštapras; tuštaparras | tuštapras; tuštaparras | 3SG.F:cut.ST.PRS | tu-štapras; tu-štaparras | 3SG.F-cut\ST.PRS |
| nuštapras; nuštaparras | nuštapras; nuštaparras | 1PL:cut.ST.PRS | nu-štapras; nu-štaparras | 1PL-cut\ST.PRS |
| tuštaprasā; tuštaparrasā | tuštaprasā; tuštaparrasā | 2PL1:cut.ST.PRS:2PL1 | tu-štapras-ā; tu-štaparras-ā | 2PL1-cut\ST.PRS-2PL1 |
| uštaprasū; uštaparrasū | uštaprasū; uštaparrasū | 3PL.M1:cut.ST.PRS:3PL.M1 | u-štapras-ū; u-štaparras-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\ST.PRS-3PL.M1 |
| uštaprasā; uštaparrasā | uštaprasā; uštaparrasā | 3PL.F1:cut.ST.PRS:3PL.F1 | u-štapras-ā; u-štaparras-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\ST.PRS-3PL.F1 |
Preterit tense Št = perfect tense Š
For further information see §§75, 79, 80, 89, 94 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uštapris | uštapris | 1SG:cut.ST.PRT | u-štapris | 1SG-cut\ST.PRT |
| tuštapris | tuštapris | 2SG.M:cut.ST.PRT | tu-štapris | 2SG.M-cut\ST.PRT |
| tuštaprisī | tuštaprisī | 2SG.F1:cut.ST.PRT:2SG.F1 | tu-štapris-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\ST.PRT-2SG.F1 |
| uštapris | uštapris | 3SG.M:cut.ST.PRT | u-štapris | 3SG.M-cut\ST.PRT |
| tuštapris | tuštapris | 3SG.F:cut.ST.PRT | tu-štapris | 3SG.F-cut\ST.PRT |
| nuštapris | nuštapris | 1PL:cut.ST.PRT | nu-štapris | 1PL-cut\ST.PRT |
| tuštaprisā | tuštaprisā | 2PL1:cut.ST.PRT:2PL1 | tu-štapris-ā | 2PL1-cut\ST.PRT-2PL1 |
| uštaprisū | uštaprisū | 3PL.M1:cut.ST.PRT:3PL.M1 | u-štapris-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\ST.PRT-3PL.M1 |
| uštaprisā | uštaprisā | 3PL.F1:cut.ST.PRT:3PL.F1 | u-štapris-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\ST.PRT-3PL.F1 |
Present tense N (Babylonian) (np > pp)
For the Assyrian vocal harmony see § 10e.
For further information see §§75, 78, 90 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| apparras | apparras | 1SG:cut.N.PRS | a-pparras | 1SG.C-cut\N.PRS |
| tapparras | tapparras | 2SG.M:cut.N.PRS | ta-pparras | 2SG.M- cut\N.PRS |
| tapparrasī | tapparrasī | 2SG.F1:cut.N.PRS:2SG.F1 | ta-pparras-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\N.PRS-2SG.F1 |
| ipparras | ipparras | 3SG.M:cut.N.PRS | ipparras | 3SG.M-cut\N.PRS |
| tapparras | tapparras | 3SG.F:cut.N.PRS | ta-pparras | 3SG.F-cut\N.PRS |
| nipparras | nipparras | 1PL:cut.N.PRS | ni-pparras | 1PL.C-cut\N.PRS |
| tapparrasā | tapparrasā | 2PL1:cut.N.PRS:2PL1 | ta-pparras-ā | 2PL.C1-cut\N.PRS-2PL.C1 |
| ipparrasū | ipparrasū | 3PL.M1:cut.N.PRS:3PL.M1 | i-pparras-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\N.PRS-3PL.M1 |
| ipparrasā | ipparrasā | 3PL.F1:cut.N.PRS:3PL.F1 | i-pparras-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\N.PRS-3PL.F1 |
Preterit tense N (np > pp)
For further information see §§75, 79, 90 (3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see §75 h), 3SG.M in B communis; dual only OAKK and seldom archaic B and A, dual form = 3PL.F).
parāsum (a/u) ‘to cut’
| Traditional | Advanced | Expert | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| apparis | apparis | 1SG:cut.N.PRT | a-pparis | 1SG.C-cut\N.PRT |
| tapparis | tapparis | 2SG.M:cut.N.PRT | ta-pparis | 2SG.M-cut\N.PRT |
| tapparsī | tapparsī | 2SG.F1:cut.N.PRT:2SG.F1 | ta-ppars-ī | 2SG.F1-cut\N.PRT-2SG.F1 |
| ipparis | ipparis | 3SG.M:cut.N.PRT | i-pparis | 3SG.M-cut\N.PRT |
| tapparis | tapparis | 3SG.F:cut.N.PRT | ta-pparis | 3SG.F-cut\N.PRT |
| nipparis | nipparis | 1PL:cut.N.PRT | ni-pparis | 1PL.C-cut\N.PRT |
| tapparsā | tapparsā | 2PL1:cut.N.PRT:2PL1 | ta-ppars-ā | 2PL.C1-cut\N.PRT-2PL.C1 |
| ipparsū | ipparsū | 3PL.M1:cut.N.PRT:3PL.M1 | i-ppars-ū | 3PL.M1-cut\N.PRT-3PL.M1 |
| ipparsā | ipparsā | 3PL.F1:cut.N.PRT:3PL.F1 | i-ppars-ā | 3PL.F1-cut\N.PRT-3PL.F1 |