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Glossing Ancient Languages and Texts

Glossing of Heinrich Brugsch (1855)

This is an open access forum on recommendations for the Interlinar Morphemic Glossing (IMG) of ancient languages.

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General recommendations

• General glossing rules and recommendations (alignment, punctuation)
• Recommended glossing abbreviations

Glossing of Jean François Champollion (1836-1841)

Modern glossing of same passage

Specific recommendations for different languages

• Akkadian
• Ancient Egyptian
  • Hieroglyphic Ancient Egyptian (Old/Middle/Late Egyptian, Demotic)
  • Coptic (Please contribute)
• Ancient Greek (Please contribute)
• Hittite

Technical issues

• Unicode fonts and editing
• Editing of aligned text examples

If one of the following signs does not seem to be displayed correctly on your computer, please install a powerful Unicode font like Charis SIL: š, ḫ, ṭ, Ꜥ (Ain), (for Egyptian:) Ꜣ, ḥ, ẖ, ṯ, ḏ.