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Glossing Ancient Languages and Texts

Glossing of Heinrich Brugsch (1855)

This is an open access forum on recommendations for the Interlinar Morphemic Glossing (IMG) of ancient languages.

Please feel free to contribute to or comment on existing pages and/or create new pages without login account. We appreciate your input. Your changes are logged under your IP address. Alternatively, you can ask for a named login account so that your changes appear under your own name.

General recommendations

• General glossing rules and recommendations (alignment, punctuation)
• Recommended glossing abbreviations

Glossing of Jean François Champollion (1836-1841)

Modern glossing of same passage

Specific recommendations for different languages

(Please contribute)

• Glossing Akkadian
• Ancient Egyptian
  • Glossing Hieroglyphic Ancient Egyptian (Old/Middle/Late Egyptian, Demotic)
  • Glossing Coptic
• Glossing Ancient Greek
• Glossing Hittite

In order to create a new page for another language, please follow these instructions.

Technical issues

• Unicode fonts and editing
• Editing of aligned text examples

If one of the following signs does not seem to be displayed correctly on your computer, please install a powerful Unicode font like Charis SIL or New Athena Unicode: ḫ, š, ṭ, ʿ, (for Egyptian:) Ꜣ, ḥ, ẖ, ṯ, ḏ.