Akkadian:Glossing recommendations: Difference between revisions
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== Examples for common forms == | |||
For '''examples''' of glossings of common Akkadian forms, see [[Akkadian:Glossing of common Akkadian forms|here]]. | |||
{{Separating bar}} | |||
== Extra Glossing transcription line == | == Extra Glossing transcription line == | ||
Traditional scholarly transliteration as well as bound transcription of '''Akkadian Cuneiform''' uses punctuation, too. This punctuation is in conflict with the punctuation as defined by the [[Glossing Rules]]. | Traditional scholarly transliteration as well as bound transcription of '''Akkadian Cuneiform''' uses punctuation, too. This punctuation is in conflict with the punctuation as defined by the [[Glossing Rules]]. | ||
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{| {{Wrong glossing table}} | | {| {{Wrong glossing table}} | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Transliteration''' || LÚ.ENGAR<sup>MEŠ</sup> || ''ù'' || <sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''{{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}sé{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}}{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ki{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ri'' || ''ša'' || ÍD.DA || ''aṭ{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ru{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}{{ | | '''Transliteration''' || LÚ.ENGAR<sup>MEŠ</sup> || ''ù'' || <sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''{{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}sé{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}}{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ki{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ri'' || ''ša'' || ÍD.DA || ''aṭ{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ru{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}{{Red|<}}dam{{Red|>}}{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ma'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Glosses''' || field_worker(M){{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ACC.PL || and || block{{tf}}PTCP{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ACC.PL || of || canal(M){{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}M.GEN || 1SG{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}send{{tf}} | | '''Glosses''' || field_worker(M){{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ACC.PL || and || block{{tf}}PTCP{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ACC.PL || of || canal(M){{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}M.GEN || 1SG{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}send{{tf}}PRT{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}VENT{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}SP | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{Translation|‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.}} | {{Translation|‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.}} | ||
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{| {{Wrong glossing table}} | | {| {{Wrong glossing table}} | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Bound transcription''' || ''ikkar{{Orange|<nowiki>(</nowiki>}}ī{{Orange|<nowiki>)</nowiki>}}'' || ''u'' || ''{{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}sé{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}}kirī'' || ''ša'' || ''nār{{Orange|<nowiki>(</nowiki>}}im{{Orange|<nowiki>)</nowiki>}}'' || ''aṭru{{ | | '''Bound transcription''' || ''ikkar{{Orange|<nowiki>(</nowiki>}}ī{{Orange|<nowiki>)</nowiki>}}'' || ''u'' || ''{{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}sé{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}}kirī'' || ''ša'' || ''nār{{Orange|<nowiki>(</nowiki>}}im{{Orange|<nowiki>)</nowiki>}}'' || ''aṭru{{Red|<}}dam{{Red|>}}{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ma'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Glosses''' || field_worker(M){{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ACC.PL || and || block{{tf}}PTCP{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ACC.PL || of || canal(M){{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}M.GEN || 1SG{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}send{{tf}} | | '''Glosses''' || field_worker(M){{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ACC.PL || and || block{{tf}}PTCP{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ACC.PL || of || canal(M){{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}M.GEN || 1SG{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}send{{tf}}PRT{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}VENT=SP | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{Translation|‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.}} | {{Translation|‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.}} | ||
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| '''Glossing transcription''' || ikkar-ī || u || sēkir-ī || ša || nār-im || a-ṭrud-am=ma | | '''Glossing transcription''' || ikkar-ī || u || sēkir-ī || ša || nār-im || a-ṭrud-am=ma | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Glosses''' || field_worker(M)-ACC.PL || and || block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL || of || canal(M)-M.GEN || 1SG-send{{tf}} | | '''Glosses''' || field_worker(M)-ACC.PL || and || block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL || of || canal(M)-M.GEN || 1SG-send{{tf}}PRT-VENT=SP | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{Translation|‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.}} | {{Translation|‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.}} | ||
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| '''Glossing transcription''' || ikkar-ī || u || sēkir-ī || ša || nār-im || a-ṭrud-am=ma | | '''Glossing transcription''' || ikkar-ī || u || sēkir-ī || ša || nār-im || a-ṭrud-am=ma | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Glosses''' || field_worker(M)-ACC.PL || and || block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL || of || canal(M)-M.GEN || 1SG-send{{tf}} | | '''Glosses''' || field_worker(M)-ACC.PL || and || block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL || of || canal(M)-M.GEN || 1SG-send{{tf}}PRT-VENT=SP | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{Translation|‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.}} | {{Translation|‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.}} | ||
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== Hands-on transcription transformation guidelines == | == Hands-on transcription transformation guidelines == | ||
To '''derive a valid Glossing transcription line''' from a traditional transliteration or transcription line, the | To '''derive a valid Glossing transcription line''' from a traditional transliteration or transcription line, the following hand-on rules may help. | ||
Compare the following table: | Compare the following table: | ||
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| keep it (if bound transcription impossible) || ÍD.DA → ÍD.DA canal:M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ | | keep it (if bound transcription impossible) || ÍD.DA → ÍD.DA canal:M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align="center" | {{Red|'''-'''}} || || make bound transcription || ''aṭ-ru-dam'' → aṭrudam 1SG:send: | | align="center" | {{Red|'''-'''}} || || make bound transcription || ''aṭ-ru-dam'' → aṭrudam 1SG:send:PRT:VENT ‘I sent’ <br/>''aṭ-ru-dam'' → a-ṭrud-am 1SG-send{{tf}}PRT-VENT ‘I sent’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| || align="center" | {{Red|'''-'''}} || “=” ([[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_equal_sign|clitic]]) || ''aṭrudam-ma'' → aṭrudam 1SG:send: | | || align="center" | {{Red|'''-'''}} || “=” ([[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_equal_sign|clitic]]) || ''aṭrudam-ma'' → aṭrudam=ma 1SG:send:PRT:VENT=SP ‘I sent’ <br/>''aṭrudam-ma'' → a-ṭrud-am=ma 1SG-send{{tf}}PRT-VENT=SP ‘I sent’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| || align="center" | '''( )''' || leave parentheses out; <br/>keep content || ''nār(im)'' → nārim canal:M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ <br/>''nār(im)'' → nār-im canal(M)-M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ | | || align="center" | '''( )''' || leave parentheses out; <br/>keep content || ''nār(im)'' → nārim canal:M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ <br/>''nār(im)'' → nār-im canal(M)-M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align="center" colspan ="2" | {{Red|'''< >'''}} || leave brackets out; <br/>keep content || ''<sē>kirī'' → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/>''<sē>kirī'' → sēkir-ī block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ | | align="center" colspan ="2" | {{Red|'''< >'''}} || leave brackets out; <br/>keep content || <sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''<sē>kirī'' → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/><sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''<sē>kirī'' → sēkir-ī block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align="center" colspan ="2" | '''{ }''' || leave brackets and content out || ''sē{sē}kirī'' → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/>''sē{sē}kirī'' → sēkir-ī block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ | | align="center" colspan ="2" | '''{ }''' || leave brackets and content out || <sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''sē{sē}kirī'' → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/><sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''sē{sē}kirī'' → sēkir-ī block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align="center" colspan ="2" | '''[ ]''' || leave brackets out; <br/>keep content or leave it out || ''[sēki]rī'' → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/>''[sēki]rī'' → sēkir-ī block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/>''[sēki]rī'' → [__]rī ‘[destroyed]’ | | align="center" colspan ="2" | '''[ ]''' || leave brackets out; <br/>keep content or leave it out || <sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''[sēki]rī'' → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/><sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''[sēki]rī'' → sēkir-ī block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/><sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''[sēki]rī'' → [__]rī ‘[destroyed]’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align="center" colspan ="2" | '''⌈ ⌉''' || leave brackets out; <br/>keep content || ''⌈sē⌉kirī'' → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/>''⌈sē⌉kirī'' → sēkir-ī block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ | | align="center" colspan ="2" | '''⌈ ⌉''' || leave brackets out; <br/>keep content || <sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''⌈sē⌉kirī'' → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ <br/><sup>LÚ.MEŠ</sup>''⌈sē⌉kirī'' → sēkir-ī block{{tf}}PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ | ||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 11:01, 13 February 2019
Examples for common forms[edit | edit source]
For examples of glossings of common Akkadian forms, see here.
Extra Glossing transcription line[edit | edit source]
Traditional scholarly transliteration as well as bound transcription of Akkadian Cuneiform uses punctuation, too. This punctuation is in conflict with the punctuation as defined by the Glossing Rules.
Compare the following table:
| Puctuation | Meaning in scholarly transliterations of Akkadian |
Meaning in scholarly bound transcription of Akkadian |
Meaning in Glossing transcription line |
Meaning in Glossing line |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Separates sumerograms | — | Portmanteau morpheme | |
| - | Seperates phonograms | Clitic | Affix | |
| = | — | Clitic | ||
| ( ) | — | Non-overt phonemes, scholarly reconstruction |
— | Inherent category |
| [ ] | Completely destroyed text (lacuna), potentially with reconstructed content |
— | ‘Zero’ morpheme | |
| ⌈ ⌉ | Partially destroyed text, usually with reconstructed content |
— | ||
| { } | Emendation of a scribal error (deletion) | — | ||
| < > | Emendation of a scribal error (addition) | Infix | ||
| ~ | — | Reduplication morpheme | ||
| \ | — | — | Transfix | |
| _ | — | Fixed phrase | Fixed phrase | |
| \ | — | — | Ablaut phenomenon | |
| / | (Options) | — | Ambigous morpheme | |
In order to prevent any confusion, it is strongly advisable or, as far as “-” and “< >” are concerned, even mandatory not to use these symbols in their traditional meaning in the Glossing transcription line (directly above the Glossing line). Keep in mind that the number and sequence of “-”, “=”, “~”, and “< >” in the Glossing transcription and the gloss needs to match exactly.
- Problematic examples
| Transliteration | LÚ.ENGARMEŠ | ù | LÚ.MEŠ[sé]-ki-ri | ša | ÍD.DA | aṭ-ru-<dam>-ma |
| Glosses | field_worker(M)-ACC.PL | and | block\PTCP-ACC.PL | of | canal(M)-M.GEN | 1SG-send\PRT-VENT-SP |
‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.
| Bound transcription | ikkar(ī) | u | [sé]kirī | ša | nār(im) | aṭru<dam>-ma |
| Glosses | field_worker(M)-ACC.PL | and | block\PTCP-ACC.PL | of | canal(M)-M.GEN | 1SG-send\PRT-VENT=SP |
‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.
Consequently, the encoder needs to add an extra ‘Glossing transcription line’ between the traditional Transliteration line (or traditional Bound transcription line) and the Glossing line.
- Examples
| Transliteration | LÚ.ENGARMEŠ | ù | LÚ.MEŠ[sé]-ki-ri | ša | ÍD.DA | aṭ-ru-<dam>-ma |
| Glossing transcription | ikkar-ī | u | sēkir-ī | ša | nār-im | a-ṭrud-am=ma |
| Glosses | field_worker(M)-ACC.PL | and | block\PTCP-ACC.PL | of | canal(M)-M.GEN | 1SG-send\PRT-VENT=SP |
‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.
| Bound transcription | ikkar(ī) | u | [sē]kirī | ša | nār(im) | aṭru<dam>-ma |
| Glossing transcription | ikkar-ī | u | sēkir-ī | ša | nār-im | a-ṭrud-am=ma |
| Glosses | field_worker(M)-ACC.PL | and | block\PTCP-ACC.PL | of | canal(M)-M.GEN | 1SG-send\PRT-VENT=SP |
‘[...], I sent field workers and canal sealers (before).’.
In the Glossing transcription line, all symbols need to be used according to the Glossing Rules. In the Traditional transliteration line, however, the encoder may use all the symbols according to his/her scholarly tradition.
Hands-on transcription transformation guidelines[edit | edit source]
To derive a valid Glossing transcription line from a traditional transliteration or transcription line, the following hand-on rules may help.
Compare the following table:
| Traditional transliteration line |
Traditional transcription line |
Glossing transliteration line |
Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| . | make bound transcription | ÍD.DA → nārim canal:M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ ÍD.DA → nār-im canal(M)-M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ | |
| keep it (if bound transcription impossible) | ÍD.DA → ÍD.DA canal:M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ | ||
| - | make bound transcription | aṭ-ru-dam → aṭrudam 1SG:send:PRT:VENT ‘I sent’ aṭ-ru-dam → a-ṭrud-am 1SG-send\PRT-VENT ‘I sent’ | |
| - | “=” (clitic) | aṭrudam-ma → aṭrudam=ma 1SG:send:PRT:VENT=SP ‘I sent’ aṭrudam-ma → a-ṭrud-am=ma 1SG-send\PRT-VENT=SP ‘I sent’ | |
| ( ) | leave parentheses out; keep content |
nār(im) → nārim canal:M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ nār(im) → nār-im canal(M)-M.GEN ‘(of the) canal’ | |
| < > | leave brackets out; keep content |
LÚ.MEŠ<sē>kirī → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ LÚ.MEŠ<sē>kirī → sēkir-ī block\PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ | |
| { } | leave brackets and content out | LÚ.MEŠsē{sē}kirī → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ LÚ.MEŠsē{sē}kirī → sēkir-ī block\PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ | |
| [ ] | leave brackets out; keep content or leave it out |
LÚ.MEŠ[sēki]rī → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ LÚ.MEŠ[sēki]rī → sēkir-ī block\PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ LÚ.MEŠ[sēki]rī → [__]rī ‘[destroyed]’ | |
| ⌈ ⌉ | leave brackets out; keep content |
LÚ.MEŠ⌈sē⌉kirī → sēkirī block:PTCP:ACC.PL ‘blockers’ LÚ.MEŠ⌈sē⌉kirī → sēkir-ī block\PTCP-ACC.PL ‘blockers’ | |