Latest revision |
Your text |
Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{Red|### Under construction ###}}
| | What follows is a list of '''Earlier Egyptian''' (Middle Egyptian, Old Egyptian) grammatical forms and recommendations for their glossing. |
| | |
| What follows is a list of '''Sahidic Coptic''' grammatical forms and recommendations for their glossing. | |
|
| |
|
| Please contribute to the list or to the '''discussion of the glossing of specific forms'''. | | Please contribute to the list or to the '''discussion of the glossing of specific forms'''. |
Line 8: |
Line 6: |
| === Pronouns === | | === Pronouns === |
| ==== Personal pronouns ==== | | ==== Personal pronouns ==== |
| ===== Suffix pronouns ===== | | ===== ‘Suffix pronouns’ ===== |
| {| class="wikitable" | | {| class="wikitable" |
| |- | | |- |
Line 30: |
Line 28: |
| |- | | |- |
| |} | | |} |
| | | ===== ‘Personal second pronouns’ (Layton 2011, § 390e) ===== |
| ===== Personal second pronouns (Layton 2011, § 390e) ===== | |
| {| class="wikitable" | | {| class="wikitable" |
| |- | | |- |
Line 51: |
Line 48: |
| |- | | |- |
| | -ⲥⲉ, -ⲥⲟⲩ || -3PL | | | -ⲥⲉ, -ⲥⲟⲩ || -3PL |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ===== Independent personal pronouns =====
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Trad. !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''unbound form (free use, cf. Layton 2011: § 71)'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ || 1SG
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲧⲟⲕ || 2SG.M
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲧⲟ || 2SG.F
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲧⲟϥ || 3SG.M
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲧⲟⲥ || 3SG.F
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ || 1PL
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ|| 2PL
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ || 3PL
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''bound form (clitic, in Nominal Sentences; cf. Layton 2011: § 79)'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲁⲛⲅ=, ⲁⲛⲟⲕ= || 1SG.M
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲧⲕ=, ⲛⲧⲟⲕ= || 2SG.M
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲧⲉ=, ⲛⲧⲟ= || 2SG.F
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲁⲛ=, ⲁⲛⲟⲛ= || 1PL
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ=, ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ= || 2PL
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ===== Prefixed personal pronouns =====
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Trad. !! colspan="1" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''in Durative Sentences (= bipartite pattern; Layton 2011: § 78)'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ϯ- || 1SG-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲕ-, ⲅ- || 2SG.M-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲉ-, ⲧⲣ- || 2SG.F-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ϥ- || 3SG.M-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲥ- || 3SG.F-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲛ- || 1PL-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ- || 2PL-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲥⲉ- || 3PL-
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''in Non-durative Sentences (used with conjugation bases = tripartite pattern)'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲓ-, ⲓ̈-, ⲁ-, || 1SG-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲕ-, ⲉⲕ- || 2SG.M-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲣ-, ⲣⲉ-, ⲉ-, ∅- (and similar) || 2SG.F-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ϥ-, ⲉϥ- || 3SG.M-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲥ-, ⲉⲥ- || 3SG.F-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛ-, ⲉⲛ- || 1PL-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲛ-, ⲧⲉⲧⲛ-, ⲉⲧⲛ- || 2PL-
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲟⲩ-, ⲩ- || 3PL-
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Demonstrative pronouns ====
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Trad. !! colspan="1" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''Proximal'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲁⲓ̈, ⲡⲁⲉⲓ || this:M || DEM.PROX:M.SG
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲁⲓ̈, ⲧⲁⲉⲓ || this:F || DEM.PROX:F.SG
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲁⲓ̈, ⲛⲁⲉⲓ || these || DEM.PROX:PL
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''Distal'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲉⲧⲙⲙⲁⲩ || that:M || DEM.DIST:M.SG
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲉⲧⲙⲙⲁⲩ || that:F || DEM.DIST:F.SG
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲉⲧⲙⲙⲁⲩ || those || DEM.DIST:PL
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''Distal ('Affective')'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲏ || that:M || DEM.DIST:M.SG
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲏ || that:F || DEM.DIST:F.SG
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲏ || those || DEM.DIST:PL
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Possessive pronouns (Possessed pronouns) ====
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Trad. !! colspan="1" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan= "5" | '''with following Noun phrase'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲁ= || the_one:M_of= || POSS:M.SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲁ= || the_one:F_of= || POSS:F.SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲁ= || the_one:PL_of= || POSS:PL=
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan= "5" | '''with following Suffix pronoun'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲱ || mine:M, yours:M, ... || POSS:M.SG
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲱ || mine:F, yours:F, ... || POSS:F.SG
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲟⲩ || mine:PL, yours:PL, ... || POSS:PL
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| === Determiners ===
| |
| ==== Articles ====
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Trad. !! colspan="1" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''indefinite'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | || || ''long'' || ''short''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲟⲩ= || a= || INDF.ART.SG= || INDF.SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ϩⲉⲛ= || – || INDF.ART.PL= || INDF.PL=
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''definite'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | || || ''long'' || ''short''
| |
| |-
| |
| |ⲡ=, ⲡⲉ= || the:M.SG= || DEF.ART:M.SG= || DEF:M.SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧ=, ⲧⲉ= || the:F.SG= || DEF.ART:F.SG= || DEF:F.SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛ=, ⲛⲉ= || the:PL= || DEF.ART:PL= || DEF:PL=
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Demonstrative Articles ====
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Trad. !! colspan="1" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert
| |
| |-
| |
| | || || ''long'' || ''short''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲉⲓ̈=, ⲡⲉⲉⲓ= || this:M.SG= || DEM.ART:M.SG= || DEM:M.SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲉⲓ̈=, ⲧⲉⲉⲓ= || this:F.SG= || DEM.ART:F.SG= || DEM:F.SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲉⲓ̈=, ⲛⲉⲉⲓ= || these:PL= || DEM.ART:PL= || DEM.PL=
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Possessive Determiners (Possessive Pronouns) ====
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Trad. !! colspan="1" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲁ= || my:M= || POSS:M.SG:1SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲉⲕ= || your:M= || POSS:M.SG:2SG.M=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲟⲩ= || your:M= || POSS:M.SG:2SG.F=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲉϥ= || his:M= || POSS:M.SG:3SG.M=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲉⲥ= || her:M= || POSS:M.SG:3SG.F=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲉⲛ= || our:M= || POSS:M.SG:1PL=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲉⲧⲛ= || your:M= || POSS:M.SG:2PL=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲉⲩ= || their:M= || POSS:M.SG:3PL=
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" |
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲁ= || my:F= || POSS:F.SG:1SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲧⲉⲕ= || your.F= || POSS:F.SG:2SG.M=
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | ...
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲛⲁ= || my:PL= || POSS:PL:1SG=
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | ...
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| === Nouns ===
| |
| ==== Bare nouns ====
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Trad. !! colspan="1" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲙⲁ || place.M.SG / place.M.PL || place(M.SG) / place(M.PL)
| |
| |-
| |
| |ⲉⲃⲟⲧ || month.M.SG || month(M)[SG]
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲉⲃⲁⲧⲉ || month:M.PL || month(M)\PL
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲉ || sky.F || sky(F)[SG]
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲡⲏⲩⲉ || sky:F.PL || sky(F)\PL
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ || woman.F.SG || woman(F)[SG]
| |
| |-
| |
| | ϩⲓⲟⲙⲉ || woman.F.PL || woman.F.PL
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" | '''nouns without grammatical gender''' (genderless nouns, Layton 2011: ...)
| |
| |-
| |
| |} | | |} |