Editing Glossing Abbreviations (section)

== Kernel abbreviations ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Abbreviation !! Meaning !! References
|-
| 1 || first person || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| 2 || second person || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| 3 || third person || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| A || agent-like argument of a <br/>canonical transitive verb || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”; ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ABL || ablative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ABS || absolutive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ABSTR || abstract || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| ACC || accusative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ACT || active || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| ADJ || adjective || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ADJZ || adjectivizer, adjectivization || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): ADJR; Shopen (2007: xvii): ADJ; Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350) 
|- 
| ADV || adverb, adverbial || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”; ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ADVZ || adverbializer, adverbialization || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): ADVR; Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| AGR || agreement || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”; ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| AGT || agent marker || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”; Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| ALL || allative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ANIM || animate || 
|- 
| ANT || anterior || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Binnick (2001: 559); Bybee et al. (1994: xxi, 54, 61, 78); Shopen (2007: xviii); Werning (2008) 
|- 
| ANTIP || antipassive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| AOR || aorist || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4)
|- 
| APPL || applicative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ART || article || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”; ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ASP || aspect (grammatical) || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”
|- 
| ATT || attachment, attached || Werning (2012): ATTACHED; Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvi): ATTD
|- 
| ATTN || attention marker || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): ATTEN[tuative]; Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| AUX || auxiliary || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”; ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| BEN || benefactive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| BS || base || Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| C || communis (common gender) || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): COMM
|- 
| CAUS || causative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| CJVB || conjunctional verb || Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| CIRC || circumstantial || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4)
|- 
| CIRCF || circumference || Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350): CIRC
|- 
| CLF || classifier || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”; ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| CNSV || consecutive || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): CONSEC; Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| CNJ || conjunction || Bybee et al. (1994: xxi) 
|- 
| COLL || collective || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| COM || comitative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| COMP || complementizer || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| COMPL || completive || ''LGR'' (2008); Bybee et al. (1994: xxi, 57): COMP; compare also: Boland (2006: 48) 
|- 
| COND || conditional || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| COP || copula || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| CORD || coordinating particle || Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| CVB || converb || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| DAT || dative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| DECL || declarative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| DEF || definite || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| DEM || demonstrative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| DET || determiner || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| DIST || distal || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| DISTR || distributive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| DO || direct object || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Shopen (2007: xviii) 
|- 
| DIVN || divine name || 
|- 
| DU || dual || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| DUR || durative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| E || epenthetic morpheme || 
|- 
| ERG || ergative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| ELAT || elative || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4)
|- 
| EXCL || exclusive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| EXLM || exclamative || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): EXCL; Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| EXTR || exterior || Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvi)
|- 
| F || feminine || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| FOC || focus || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| FOCZ || focalizer, focalization || Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| FUT || future || ''LGR'' (2008) 
|- 
| GEN || genitive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| GODN || god or godess‘s name || Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvi): GN; cf. DIVN
|- 
| GRND || ground || Shopen (2007: xix): G; Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350) 
|- 
| HABIT || habitual || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4)
|- 
| ILL || illative || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4)
|- 
| IMP || imperative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| IMPRS || impersonal || Bybee et al. (1994: xxi); Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): IMPR, IPS; Shopen (2007: xix): IMP 
|- 
| INANIM || inanimate || 
|- 
| INESS || inessive || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4)
|- 
| INCL || inclusive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| INCHO || inchoative || Bybee et al. (1994: xxi); Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): INCH 
|- 
| IND || indicative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| INDF || indefinite || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| INF || infinitive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| INFR || inferior || Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvi)
|- 
| INS || instrumental || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| INT || interior || 
|- 
| INTR || intransitive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| IO || indirect object || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4)
|- 
| IPFV || imperfective || ''LGR'' (2008); Comrie (1976: 25, 39); compare also: Werning (2008: 275); Bybee et al. (1994: xxi): IMPF; Kloekhorst (2008: xi): IMPF 
|- 
| IPRF || imperfect || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): IMPF; Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvi)
|- 
| IRR || irrealis || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| LOC || locative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| M || masculine || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| MEDP || mediopassive || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvi): MP, MED
|- 
| MELL || mellic || 
|- 
| MCM || main clause marker || Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| MOD || modal, mode || Bybee et al. (1994: xxii) 
|- 
| MODP || modal particle || Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350)
|- 
| N || neuter || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| N... || non- (e.g. NPST non-past) || ''LGR'' (2008); cf. below
|- 
| NAM || name || 
|- 
| NEG || negation, negative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| NMLZ || nominalizer, nominalization || ''LGR'' (2008); Shopen (2007: xx): NOMIN 
|- 
| NOM || nominative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| OBJ || object || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| OBL || oblique || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| OBLG || obligative || Bybee et al. (1994: xxii): OBL[igation]; Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350): OBLV 
|- 
| OPT	 || optative || 
|- 
| ORD || ordinal number || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4)
|- 
| P || patient-like argument of a <br/>canonical transitive verb || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): PAT “to be avoided”; ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| PASS || passive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| PFV || perfective || ''LGR'' (2008); Bybee et al. (1994: 54-55, 83): PERF; Dahl (1985: 78); Timberlake (2007: 304) 
|- 
| PL || plural || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| PLUPRF || pluperfect || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): PLUP; Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvi)
|- 
| PN || personal name || Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvi)
|- 
| POST || posterior (relative tense) || Binnick (2001: 559); Werning (2008) 
|- 
| POSS || possessive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| POSSED || possessed || 
|- 
| POSSOR || possessor || 
|- 
| POT || potential || Bybee et al. (1994: xxi); Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Shopen (2007: xxi) 
|- 
| PREC || precative || 
|- 
| PRED || predicative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| PREP || preposition || Bybee et al. (1994: xxii), Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”
|- 
| PRF || perfect || ''LGR'' (2008); Timberlake (2007: 304): PF 
|- 
| PROG || progressive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| PROH || prohibitive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| PROSP || prospective || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 350): PROS
|- 
| PROX || proximal, proximate || ''LGR'' (2008) 
|- 
| PRS || present || ''LGR'' (2008); Bybee et al. (1994: xxi): PRES 
|- 
| PRT || preterit || better use PST (Lehmann 2004: Tab. 169.4) 
|- 
| PST || past, preterit || ''LGR'' (2008); Bybee et al. (1994: 55, 82); Dahl (1985: 116-117): PAST; Timberlake (2007: 315) 
|- 
| PTCP || participle || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| PTCL || particle || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): PTL “to be avoided”; Shopen (2007: xx): PART, PCL; Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 351) 
|- 
| PURP || purposive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| Q || question particle/marker || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| QUOT || quotative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| RECP || reciprocal || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| REFL || reflexive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| REL || relative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| RES || resultative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| S || single argument of a <br/>canonical intransitive verb || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| SBJ || subject || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| SBJV || subjunctive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| SBRD || subordinating particle || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): S[ubo]R[rdinator]; Shopen (2007: xxi): SUBORD; Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 351) 
|- 
| SIM || simultaneous (relative tense) || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4); Shopen (2007: xxi)) 
|- 
| SP || sentence particle || Bybee et al. (1994: xxii) 
|- 
| SG || singular || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| STABS || ''status absolutus'' || Schenkel (2005: 109/110, ch. 5.1.1.4); Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 351) 
|- 
| STAT || stative || Nedjalkov (2001: 928); Bybee et al. (1994: xxii); Shopen (2007: xxi): STV 
|- 
| STC || ''status constructus'' || Schenkel (2005: 109/110); Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 351) 
|- 
| STN || ''status nominalis'' || better use STC 
|- 
| STPR || ''status pronominalis'' || Schenkel (2005: 109/110) 
|- 
| SUP	 || supine  || Hoffner & Melchert (2008: xix); Kloekhorst (2008: xii)
|- 
| SUPR || superior || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4): SUP[er]ESS[ive]; Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvii)
|- 
| TERM || terminative || Lehmann (2004: Tab. 169.4) 
|- 
| THMZ || thematizer, thematization || Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 351) 
|- 
| TNS || tense || Lehmann (2004: 1844, Tab. 169.3): “to be avoided”
|- 
| TOP || topic || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| TOPN || toponym || Kutscher &amp; Werning (forthc.: xxvi): TN
|- 
| TOPZ || topicalizer, topicalization || Di&nbsp;Biase-Dyson et al. (2009: 351)
|- 
| TR || transitive || ''LGR'' (2008)
|- 
| VET || vetitive || 
|- 
| VOC || vocative || ''LGR'' (2008)
|}