Editing Ancient Egyptian:Glossing recommendations

== Extra Glossing transcription line ==
Traditional Egyptological transcription of '''Hieroglyphic Ancient Egyptian''' uses punctuation, too. This punctuation is in conflict with the punctuation as defined by the [[Glossing Rules]].

Note that what English speaking Egyptologists usually called ‘transliteration’ should rather be labeled a ‘[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transliteration#Difference_from_transcription transcription]’ in accordance with linguistic standards.

Compare the following table:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Puctuation !! Meaning in <br/>Egyptological transcriptions !! Meaning in <br/>Glossing transcription line !! Meaning in <br/>Glossing line 
|-
| align="center" | '''.''' || {{Orange| Affix}} || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_period_expert|''Portmanteau'']] morpheme
|-
| align="center" | '''=''' || {{Red|‘Suffix’ pronoun}} (actually ⸗) || colspan="2" | [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_equal_sign|Clitic]]
|-
| align="center" | '''-''' || {{Red|Compound, ''or'' combined name phrase}} ||  colspan="2" |[[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_hyphen|Affix]]
|-
| align="center" | ''':''' || {{Orange|Causal prefix (“''s:''”)}} || — || (Unspecified) [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_colon|seperable]] morpheme
|-
| align="center" | '''(&nbsp;)''' || {{Orange|Non-overt phonemes, scholarly reconstruction}} || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_parentheses|Inherent]] category
|-
| align="center" | '''[&nbsp;]''' || {{Orange| Completely destroyed text (''lacuna''), <br/>potentially with reconstructed content}} || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_square_brackets|‘Zero’ morpheme]]
|-
| align="center" | '''&lceil;&nbsp;&rceil;''' || Partially destroyed text, <br/>potentially with reconstructed content || colspan="2" |  — 
|-
| align="center" | '''{&nbsp;}''' || Emendation of a scribal error (deletion), <br/>''or'' Certain orthographical convention || colspan="2" |  — 
|-
| align="center" | '''&lt;&nbsp;&gt;''' || {{Red|Emendation of a scribal error (addition)}} || colspan="2" | [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_angle_brackets|Infix]]
|-
| align="center" | '''~''' || — || colspan="2" | [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_tilde|Reduplication]] morpheme
|-
| align="center" | '''_''' || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_underscore_object_language|Fixed phrase]] || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_underscore_gloss|Fixed phrase]] 
|-
| align="center" | '''\''' || — || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_backslash|''Ablaut'']] phenomenon
|-
| align="center" | '''{{tf}}''' || —  || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_transfix|Transfix]] 
|-
| align="center" | '''/''' || (Options) || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_slash|Ambigous]] morpheme
|}

In order to prevent any confusion, it is strongly advisable or, as far as “-”, “=”, and “&lt;&nbsp;&gt;” are concerned, even mandatory not to use these symbols in their traditional meaning in the Glossing transcription line (directly above the Glossing line). Keep in mind that the '''number and sequence of “-”, “=”, “~”, and “&lt;&nbsp;&gt;” in the Glossing transcription and the gloss needs to [[Glossing_Rules#Correct_sequential_alignment|match exactly]]'''.

; Problematic example:
{| {{Wrong glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Egyptological transcription''' || ''m{{Red|<nowiki>=</nowiki>}}[ṯn]'' || ''&lceil;wj&rceil;'' || ''{{Red|&lt;}}r{{Red|&gt;}}ḫ{r}.k(w)'' || ''s.t{{Red|<nowiki>=</nowiki>}}{t}<ṯ>n'' || ''ḫnt(ï).t'' || ''dwꜢ.t''
|- 
| '''Glosses'''  || ATTN{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}2PL || {{Red|<nowiki>=</nowiki>}}1SG || get_to_know{{tf}}RES{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}1SG.RES || seat:F[SG]{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}2PL || in_front{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}ADJZ{{Red|<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}F || netherworld:F[SG] 
|}
{{Translation|‘I know your place in the underworld’.}} 

Consequently, the encoder needs to add '''an extra ‘Glossing transcription line’''' between the Egyptological Transcription line and the Glossing line. 

; Example:
{| {{Glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Egyptological transcription''' || ''m=[ṯn]'' || ''&lceil;wj&rceil;'' || ''<r>ḫ{r}.k(w)'' || ''s.t={t}<ṯ>n'' || ''ḫnt(ï).t'' || ''dwꜢ.t''
|-
| '''Glossing transcription'''  || m-ṯn || =wj || rḫ-kw || st-ṯn || ḫnt-ï-t || dwꜢt
|- 
| '''Glosses'''  || ATTN-2PL || =1SG || get_to_know{{tf}}RES-1SG.RES || seat:F[SG]-2PL || in_front-ADJZ-F || netherworld:F[SG] 
|}
{{Translation|‘I know your place in the underworld.’}} 

In the Glossing transcription line, all symbols need to be used according to the [[Glossing Rules]]. In the Traditional transcription line, however, the encoder may use all the symbols according to his/her Egyptological tradition.

== Hands-on transliteration transformation guidelines ==
To '''derive a valid Glossing transcription line''' from an Egyptological transcription line, the follwoing hand-on rules may help.

Compare the following table:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Egyptological <br/>transliteration line !! Glossing <br/>transliteration line !! Examples
|-
| align="center" rowspan="2" | '''.''' || “-” (if it is a neatly seperable [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_period_expert|affix]]) || ''zẖꜢ.t'' → zẖꜢ-t scribe-F ‘(female) scribe’ <br/>''sḏm.tw'' → sḏm-tw hear{{tf}}IPFV-PASS ‘is heard’
|-
| use “{{TrSep}}” (if rather part of a [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_transfix|transfix]]) || ''jr.t'' → jr{{TrSep}}t eye:F ‘eye’ <br/>''ḏd.w'' → ḏd{{TrSep}}w say{{tf}}POST ‘will say’
|-
| align="center" rowspan="2" | '''s:''' || “CAUS-” <br/>plus translation of the non-causative base lexeme || ''s:jwr'' → s-jwr CAUS-pregnant{{tf}}INF ‘(to) impregnate’
|-
| leave colon out <br/>plus translation of the causative meaning || ''s:jwr'' → sjwr impregnate{{tf}}INF ‘(to) impregnate’ <br/>''s:ḏd'' → sḏd tell{{tf}}IPFV ‘tell’
|-
| align="center" | {{Red|'''<nowiki>=</nowiki>'''}} || “-” ([[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_period_expert|affix]]) || ''sn=s'' → sn-s sn(M)-2SG.F ‘her brother’
|-
| align="center" rowspan="3" | {{Red|'''-'''}} || “_” (if it is a [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_underscore_gloss|fixed phrase]] <br/>that corresponds to one single gloss) || ''wꜢḏ-wr'' → wꜢḏ_wr ocean(M) ‘ocean’
|-
| two separate words (if it is a fixed phrase, <br/>but the encoder wants to analyse it) || ''wꜢḏ-wr'' → wꜢḏ wr green great ‘ocean’
|-
| “=” ([[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_equal_sign|clitic]]; if a ‘Direct Genitive’ compound) || ''ḥm-nṯr'' → ḥm=nṯr servant(M)=god(M) ‘priest’ 
|-
| align="center" | '''(&nbsp;)''' || leave parentheses out; keep content or leave it out || ''sḏm(.w)'' → sḏm{{TrSep}}w hear{{tf}}POST ‘will hear’<br/>''sḏm(.w)'' → sḏm hear{{tf}}POST ‘will hear’ <br/>''s:ḏd(.t)'' → sḏd{{TrSep}}t tell{{tf}}INF ‘(to) tell’ <br/>''s:ḏd(.t)'' → sḏd tell{{tf}}INF ‘(to) tell’
|-
| align="center" | {{Red|'''&lt;&nbsp;&gt;'''}} || leave brackets out; keep content || ''sn<.t>'' → sn{{TrSep}}t sister:F ‘sister’
|-
| align="center" | '''{&nbsp;}''' || leave brackets and content out || ''sn{.t}'' → sn brother(M)[SG] ‘brother’
|-
| align="center" | '''[&nbsp;]''' || leave brackets out; keep content or leave it out || ''[sn].t'' → sn{{TrSep}}t sister:F ‘sister’ <br/>''[sn].t'' → [___]t [___]:F ‘[destroyed]’
|-
| align="center" | '''&lceil;&nbsp;&rceil;''' || leave brackets out; keep content || ''&lceil;sn&rceil;.t'' → sn{{TrSep}}t sister:F ‘sister’
|}

== Examples for common forms ==
* Glossing of common <big>[[Ancient Egyptian:Glossing of common Earlier Egyptian forms|Earlier Egyptian (Middle Egyptian, Old Egyptian)]] forms</big>
* Glossing of common [[Ancient Egyptian:Glossing of common Late Egyptian forms|Late Egyptian]] forms {{Contribute}}
* Glossing of common [[Ancient Egyptian:Glossing of common Demotic forms|Demotic]] forms {{Contribute}}

== Examples in published articles and books ==
List of [[Ancient Egyptian:Examples of glossings|examples of glossed texts online]].