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Akkadian:Glossing of common Akkadian forms
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== Grammatical forms == Abbreviations B = Babylonian A = Assyrian OB = Old Babylonian OA = Old Assyrian MB = Middle Babylonian MA = Middle Assyrian OAKK = Old Akkadian === Pronouns === ==== Personal pronouns ==== ===== Independent personal pronouns (OB; OA) ===== For (even more) seldom used forms and explanations, see ''GAG'' §41 g. Nominative {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''anāku'' || anāku || 1SG.NOM || anāku || 1SG.C.NOM |- | ''attā'' || attā || 2SG.M.NOM || attā || 2SG.M.NOM |- | ''attī'' || attī || 2SG.F.NOM || attī || 2SG.F.NOM |- | ''šū''; ''šūt'' || šū; šūt || 3SG.M.NOM || šū; šūt || 3SG.M.NOM |- | ''šī''; ''šīt'' || šī; šīt || 3SG.F.NOM || šī; šīt || 3SG.F.NOM |- | ''nīnu''; ''nēnu'' || nīnu; nēnu || 1PL.NOM || nīnu; nēnu || 1PL.C.NOM |- | ''attunu'' || attune || 2PL.M.NOM || attunu || 2PL.M.NOM |- | ''attina'' || attina || 2PL.F.NOM || attina || 2PL.F.NOM |- | ''šunu'' || šunu || 3PL.M.NOM || šunu || 3PL.M.NOM |- | ''šina'' || šina || 3PL.F.NOM || šina || 3PL.F.NOM |} Genitive/Accusative (OA also dative) {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''jâti'' || jâti || 1SG:GEN/ACC || jâti || 1SG.C:GEN/ACC |- | ''kâti'', ''kâta''; ''kuāti'', ''kuwāti'' || kâti, kâta; kuāti, kuwāti || 2SG.M:GEN/ACC || kâti, kâta; kuāti, kuwāti || 2SG.M:GEN/ACC |- | ''kâti''; ''kuāti'', ''kuwāti'' || kâti; kuāti, kuwāti || 2SG.F:GEN/ACC || kâti; kuāti, kuwāti || 2SG.F:GEN/ACC |- | ''šuāti'', ''šuātu'', ''šâti'', ''šātu '' || šuāti, šuātu, šâti, šātu || 3SG.M:GEN/ACC || šuāti, šuātu, šâti, šātu || 3SG.M:GEN/ACC |- | ''šuāti'', ''šâti'', ''šiāti'' || šuāti, šâti, šiāti || 3SG.F:GEN/ACC || šuāti, šâti, šiāti || 3SG.F:GEN/ACC |- | ''niāti'' || niāti || 1PL:GEN/ACC || niāti || 1PL.C:GEN/ACC |- | ''kunūti'' || kunūti || 2PL.M:GEN/ACC || kunūti || 2PL.M:GEN/ACC |- | ''kināti'' || kināti || 2PL.F:GEN/ACC || kināti || 2PL.F:GEN/ACC |- | ''šunūti'' || šunūti || 3PL.M:GEN/ACC || šunūti || 3PL.M:GEN/ACC |- | ''šināti'' || šināti || 3PL.F:GEN/ACC || šināti || 3PL.F:GEN/ACC |} Dative (only OB) {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''jâšim'', ''jâši'' || jâšim, jâši || 1SG:DAT || jâšim, jâši || 1SG.C:DAT |- | ''kâšim'' || kâšim || 2SG.M:DAT || kâšim || 2SG.M:DAT |- | ''kâšim'', ''kâši'' || kâšim, kâši || 2SG.F:DAT || kâšim, kâši || 2SG.F:DAT |- | ''šuāšim'', ''šâšim'', ''šâši'', ''šâšum'', ''šâšu'' || šuāšim, šâšim, šâši, šâšum, šâšu || 3SG.M:DAT || šuāšim, šâšim, šâši, šâšum, šâšu || 3SG.M:DAT |- | ''šuāšim'', ''šiāšim'', ''šâšim'', ''šâši'' || šuāšim, šiāšim, šâšim, šâši || 3SG.F:DAT || šuāšim, šiāšim, šâšim, šâši || 3SG.F:DAT |- | ''niâšim'' || niâšim || 1PL:DAT || niâšim || 1PL.C:DAT |- | ''kunūšim'', ''kunūši'' || kunūšim, kunūši || 2PL.M:DAT || kunūšim, kunūši || 2PL.M:DAT |- | ''-'' || - || || - || |- | ''šunūšim'', ''šunūši'' || šunūšim, šunūši || 3PL.M:DAT || šunūšim, šunūši || 3PL.M:DAT |- | ''-'' || - || || - || |} ===== Independent personal pronouns (later dialects; only A) ===== For (even more) seldom used forms and explanations, see ''GAG'' §41 i, j. Nominative {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''anāku'' || anāku || 1SG.NOM || anāku || 1SG.C.NOM |- | ''attā'' || attā || 2SG.M.NOM || attā || 2SG.M.NOM |- | ''attī'' || attī || 2SG.F.NOM || attī || 2SG.F.NOM |- | ''šū''; ''šūt'' || šū; šūt || 3SG.M.NOM || šū; šūt || 3SG.M.NOM |- | ''šī''; ''šīt'' || šī; šīt || 3SG.F.NOM || šī; šīt || 3SG.F.NOM |- | ''nīnu'', ''nīni'', ''anēnu'', ''anēni''; ''nēnu'' || nīnu, nīni, anēnu, anēni; nēnu || 1PL.NOM || nīnu, nīni, anēnu, anēni; nēnu || 1PL.C.NOM |- | ''attunu'' || attune || 2PL.M.NOM || attunu || 2PL.M.NOM |- | ''attina'' || attina || 2PL.F.NOM || attina || 2PL.F.NOM |- | ''šunu'' || šunu || 3PL.M.NOM || šunu || 3PL.M.NOM |- | ''šina'' || šina || 3PL.F.NOM || šina || 3PL.F.NOM |} Genitive/Accusative {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''jâti'' || jâti || 1SG:GEN/ACC || jâti || 1SG.C:GEN/ACC |- | ''kata'' || kata || 2SG.M:GEN/ACC || kata || 2SG.M:GEN/ACC |- | ''kâti'' || kâti || 2SG.F:GEN/ACC || kâti || 2SG.F:GEN/ACC |- | ''šuāti'', ''šuwāti'', ''šuātu'', ''šātu '' || šuāti, šuātu, šâti, šātu || 3SG.M:GEN/ACC || šuāti, šuātu, šâti, šātu || 3SG.M:GEN/ACC |- | ''šuāti'', ''šuwāti''; ''šiāti'' || šuāti, šuwāti; šiāti || 3SG.F:GEN/ACC || šuāti, šuwāti; šiāti || 3SG.F:GEN/ACC |- | ''niāti'', ''nijāti'' || niāti, nijāti || 1PL:GEN/ACC || niāti, nijāti || 1PL.C:GEN/ACC |- | ''kâtun'', ''kâtunu'' || kunūti || 2PL.M:GEN/ACC || kunūti || 2PL.M:GEN/ACC |- | ''-'' || kināti || 2PL.F:GEN/ACC || kināti || 2PL.F:GEN/ACC |- | ''šâtun'', ''šâtunu'', ''šunūti''; ''šunātunu'' || šâtun, šâtunu, šunūti; šunātunu || 3PL.M:GEN/ACC || šâtun, šâtunu, šunūti; šunātunu || 3PL.M:GEN/ACC |- | ''šâtina'', ''šināti''; ''šinātina'' || šâtina, šināti; šinātina || 3PL.F:GEN/ACC || šâtina, šināti; šinātina || 3PL.F:GEN/ACC |} Dative {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''jâši'' || jâši || 1SG:DAT || jâši || 1SG.C:DAT |- | ''kâša''; ''kuāša'' || kâša; kuāša || 2SG.M:DAT || kâša; kuāša || 2SG.M:DAT |- | ''kâši'' || kâši || 2SG.F:DAT || kâši || 2SG.F:DAT |- | ''šâšu''; ''šuāšu '' || šâšu; šuāšu || 3SG.M:DAT || šâšu; šuāšu || 3SG.M:DAT |- | ''šâši'', ''šâša''; ''šuāša'' || šâši, šâša; šuāša || 3SG.F:DAT || šâši, šâša; šuāša || 3SG.F:DAT |- | ''nâši'' || nâši || 1PL:DAT || nâši || 1PL.C:DAT |- | ''kâšun'', ''kâšunu''; ''kunāšunu'' || kâšun, kâšunu; kunāšunu || 2PL.M:DAT || kâšun, kâšunu; kunāšunu || 2PL.M:DAT |- | ''-'' || - || || - || |- | ''šâšun'', ''šâšunu''; ''šunāšunu'' || šâšun, šâšunu; šunāšunu || 3PL.M:DAT || šâšun, šâšunu; šunāšunu || 3PL.M:DAT |- | ''šâšina'' || šâšina || 3PL.F:DAT || šâšina || 3PL.F:DAT |} ===== Suffix pronouns (OB; OA) ===== For (even more) seldom used forms and explanations, see ''GAG'' §42 g-i. Genitive {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''-ī'', ''-ja'' || :ī, :ja || :1SG.GEN || -ī, -ja || -1SG.C.GEN |- | ''-ka'' || :ka || :2SG.M.GEN || -ka || -2SG.M.GEN |- | ''-ki'' || :ki || :2SG.F.GEN || -ki || -2SG.F.GEN |- | ''-šu'', ''-š'' || :šu, :š || :3SG.M.GEN || -šu, -š || -3SG.M.GEN |- | ''-ša'', ''-š'' || :ša, :š || :3SG.F.GEN || -ša, -š || -3SG.F.GEN |- | ''-ni'' || :ni || :1PL.GEN || -ni || -1PL.C.GEN |- | ''-kunu'', ''-kun'' || :kunu, :kun || :2PL.M.GEN || -kunu, -kun || -2PL.M.GEN |- | ''-kina'', ''-kin'' || :kina, :kin || :2PL.F.GEN || -kina, -kin || -2PL.F.GEN |- | ''-šunu'', ''-šun'' || :šunu, :šun || :3PL.M.GEN || -šunu, -šun || -3PL.M.GEN |- | ''-šina'', ''-šin'' || :šina, :šin || :3PL.F.GEN || -šina, -šin || -3PL.F.GEN |- | colspan="5" | '''Dual forms of the early period''' |- | ''-kunī'' || :kunī || :2DU.GEN || -kunī || -2DU.C.GEN |- | ''-šunī'' || :šunī || :3DU.GEN || -šunī || -3DU.C.GEN |} Accusative {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''-ni''; ''-ī'' || -ni; -ī || :1SG.ACC || -ni; -ī || -1SG.C.ACC |- | ''-ka'' || :ka || :2SG.M.ACC || -ka || -2SG.M.ACC |- | ''-ki'' || :ki || :2SG.F.ACC || -ki || -2SG.F.ACC |- | ''-šu'', ''-š'' || :šu, :š || :3SG.M.ACC || -šu, -š || -3SG.M.ACC |- | ''-ši'', ''-š'' || :ši, :š || :3SG.F.ACC || -ši, -š || -3SG.F.ACC |- | ''-niāti'' || :niāti || :1PL.ACC || -niāti || -1PL.C:ACC |- | ''-kunūti''; ''-kunu'' || :kunūti; :kunu || :2PL.M.ACC || -kunūti; <br/>-kunu || -2PL.M:ACC <br/>-2PL.M.ACC |- | ''-kināti''; ''-kina'' || :kināti; :kina || :2PL.F.ACC || -kināti; <br/>-kina || -2PL.F:ACC <br/>-2PL.F.ACC |- | ''-šunūti''; ''-šunu'' || :šunūti; :šunu || :3PL.M.ACC || -šunūti; <br/>-šunu || -3PL.M:ACC <br/>-3PL.M.ACC |- | ''-šināti'', ''-šina'' || :šināti, :šina || :3PL.F.ACC || -šināti, <br/>-šina || -3PL.F:ACC <br/>-3PL.F.ACC |- | colspan="5" | '''Dual forms of the early period''' |- | ''-'' || - || || - || |- | ''-šunī'', ''-šunīti'' || :šunī, :šunīti || :3DU.ACC || -šunī, <br/>-šunīti || -3DU.C.ACC <br/>-3DU.C:ACC |} Dative {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''-a'', ''-am'', ''-ni'', ''-nim'' || :a, :am, :ni, :nim || :1SG.DAT || -a, -ni, <br/>-am, -nim || -1SG.C.DAT <br/>-1SG.C:DAT |- | ''-ku'', ''-kum'' || :ku, :kum || :2SG.M.DAT || -ku, <br/>-kum || -2SG.M.DAT <br/>-2SG.M:DAT |- | ''-ki'', ''-kim'' || :ki, :kim || :2SG.F.DAT || -ki, <br/>-kim || -2SG.F.DAT <br/>-2SG.F:DAT |- | ''-šu'', ''-šum'' || :šu, :šum || :3SG.M.DAT || -šu, <br/>-šum || -3SG.M.DAT <br/>-3SG.M:DAT |- | ''-ši'', ''-šim'' || :ši, :šim || :3SG.F.DAT || -ši, <br/>-šim || -3SG.F.DAT <br/>-3SG.F:DAT |- | ''-niāši'', ''-niāšim''; ''-niāti '' || :niāši, :niāšim; :niāti || :1PL.DAT || -niāši, -niāšim; <br/>-niāti || -1PL.C:DAT <br/>-1PL.C.DAT |- | ''-kunūši'', ''-kunūšim''; <br/>-''kunūti'' || :kunūši, :kunūšim; <br/>:kunūti || :2PL.M.DAT || -kunūši, -kunūšim; <br/>-kunūti || -2PL.M:DAT <br/>-2PL.M.DAT |- | ''-kināši'', ''-kinašim; <br/>-kināti'' || :kināši, :kinašim; <br/>:kināti || :2PL.F.DAT || -kināši, -kinašim; <br/>-kināti || -2PL.F:DAT <br/>-2PL.F.DAT |- | ''-šunūši'', ''-šunūšim''; <br/>''-šunūti'' || :šunūši, :šunūšim; <br/>:šunūti || :3PL.M.DAT || -šunūši, -šunūšim; <br/>-šunūti || -3PL.M:DAT <br/>-3PL.M.DAT |- | ''-šināši'', ''-šināšim''; <br/>''-šināti'' || :šināši, :šināšim; <br/>:šināti || :3PL.F.DAT || -šināši, -šināšim; <br/>-šināti || -3PL.F:DAT <br/>-3PL.F.DAT |- | colspan="5" | '''Dual forms of the early period''' |- | ''-'' || - || || - || |- | ''-šunīšim'' || :šunīšim || :3DU.DAT || -šunīšim || -3DU.C:DAT |} ===== Suffix pronouns (later dialects; only A) ===== For (even more) seldom used forms and explanations, see ''GAG'' §42 j-k. Genitive {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''-ī'', ''-ja'', ''-ā'' || :ī, :ja, :ā || :1SG.GEN || -ī, -ja, -ā || -1SG.C.GEN |- | ''-ka'', ''-k'' || :ka, :k || :2SG.M.GEN || -ka, -k || -2SG.M.GEN |- | ''-ki'', ''-k'', ''-ku'' || :ki, :k, :ku || :2SG.F.GEN || -ki, -k, -ku || -2SG.F.GEN |- | ''-šu'', ''-š'' || :šu, :š || :3SG.M.GEN || -šu, -š || -3SG.M.GEN |- | ''-ša'', ''-š'' || :ša, :š || :3SG.F.GEN || -ša, -š || -3SG.F.GEN |- | ''-ni'' || :ni || :1PL.GEN || -ni || -1PL.C.GEN |- | ''-kunu'', ''-kun'' || :kunu, :kun || :2PL.M.GEN || -kunu, -kun || -2PL.M.GEN |- | ''-kina'', ''-kin'' || :kina, :kin || :2PL.F.GEN || -kina, -kin || -2PL.F.GEN |- | ''-šunu'', ''-šun'' || :šunu, :šun || :3PL.M.GEN || -šunu, -šun || -3PL.M.GEN |- | ''-šina'', ''-šin'' || :šina, :šin || :3PL.F.GEN || -šina, -šin || -3PL.F.GEN |} Accusative {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''-ni'' || -ni || :1SG.ACC || -ni || -1SG.C.ACC |- | ''-ka'', ''-k'' || :ka, :k || :2SG.M.ACC || -ka, -k || -2SG.M.ACC |- | ''-ki'', ''-k'', ''-ku'' || :ki, :k, :ku || :2SG.F.ACC || -ki, -k, -ku || -2SG.F.ACC |- | ''-šu'', ''-š'' || :šu, :š || :3SG.M.ACC || -šu, -š || -3SG.M.ACC |- | ''-ši'', ''-š'' || :ši, :š || :3SG.F.ACC || -ši, -š || -3SG.F.ACC |- | ''-niāti'', ''-nâti'' || :niāti, :nâti || :1PL.ACC || -niāti, -nâti || -1PL.C:ACC |- | ''-kunūti''; ''-kunu'' || :kunūti; :kunu || :2PL.M.ACC || -kunūti; <br/>-kunu || -2PL.M:ACC <br/>-2PL.M.ACC |- | ''-kināti''; ''-kina'' || :kināti; :kina || :2PL.F.ACC || -kināti; <br/>-kina || -2PL.F:ACC <br/>-2PL.F.ACC |- | ''-šunūti''; ''-šunu'' || :šunūti; :šunu || :3PL.M.ACC || -šunūti; <br/>-šunu || -3PL.M:ACC <br/>-3PL.M.ACC |- | ''-šināti'', ''-šina'' || :šināti, :šina || :3PL.F.ACC || -šināti, <br/>-šina || -3PL.F:ACC <br/>-3PL.F.ACC |} Dative {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''-a'', ''-ni''; ''-ne'' || :a, :ni; :ne || :1SG.DAT || -a, -ni; -ne || -1SG.C.DAT |- | ''-ku'', ''-ka'', ''-kam'' || :ku, :ka, :kam || :2SG.M.DAT || -ku, -ka, <br/>-kum || -2SG.M.DAT <br/>-2SG.M:DAT |- | ''-ki'' || :ki || :2SG.F.DAT || -ki || -2SG.F.DAT |- | ''-šu'' || :šu || :3SG.M.DAT || -šu || -3SG.M.DAT |- | ''-ši''; ''-še'' || :ši; :še || :3SG.F.DAT || -ši; -še || -3SG.F.DAT |- | ''-nâši'', ''-nâšu '' || :nâši, :nâšu || :1PL.DAT || -nâši, -nâšu || -1PL.C:DAT |- | ''-kunūši''; ''-kunu'' || :kunūši; :kunu || :2PL.M.DAT || -kunūši; <br/>-kunu || -2PL.M:DAT <br/>-2PL.M.DAT |- | ''-kināši'' || :kināši || :2PL.F.DAT || -kināši || -2PL.F:DAT |- | ''-šunūši''; <br/>''-šunu'' || :šunūši; :šunu || :3PL.M.DAT || -šunūši; <br/>-šunu || -3PL.M:DAT-3PL.M.DAT |- | ''-šināši'' || :šināši || :3PL.F.DAT || -šināši || -3PL.F:DAT |} ==== Independent possessive pronouns (B; A) ==== For detailed information, see ''GAG'' §44 c-d. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''jāʾum'', ''jûm'', ''jû''; ''jāʾu'', ''ijjû'' || jāʾum, jûm, jû; jāʾu, ijjû || 1SG.POSS.M.SG || jāʾum, jûm, jû; jāʾu, ijjû || 1SG.POSS.M.SG |- | ''jatum'', ''jattum'', ''jattun'', ''juttun''; ''ijjātu'' || jatum, jattum, jattun, juttun; ijjātu || 1SG.POSS.F.SG || jatum, jattum, jattun, juttun; ijjātu || 1SG.POSS:F.SG |- | ''jāʾūtun'', ''jûtun''; ''jāʾūtum '' || jāʾūtun, jûtun; jāʾūtum || 1SG.POSS.M.PL || jāʾūtun, jûtun; jāʾūtum || 1SG.POSS:M.PL |- | ''jâttun''; ''jâtum'' || jâttun; jâtum || 1SG.POSS.F.PL || jâttun; jâtum || 1SG.POSS:F.PL |- | ''kû'', ''kûm''; ''kuwāʾum'', ''kuāʾum'', ''kuʾāu'', ''ikkû'' || kû, kûm; kuwāʾum, kuāʾum, kuʾāu, ikkû || 2SG.POSS.M.SG || kû, kûm; kuwāʾum, kuāʾum, kuʾāu, ikkû || 2SG.POSS.M.SG |- | ''katum'', ''kattum''; ''kuwātum'', ''kuātum'' || katum, kattum; kuwātum, kuātum || 2SG.POSS.F.SG || katum, kattum; kuwātum, kuātum || 2SG.POSS:F.SG |- | ''kuttun'', ''kuttin''; ''kuwāʾūtum'', ''kuāʾūtum'' || kuttun, kuttin; kuwāʾūtum, kuāʾūtum || 2SG.POSS.M.PL || kuttun, kuttin; kuwāʾūtum, kuāʾūtum || 2SG.POSS:M.PL |- | ''kâttun'', ''kâttin''; ''kuwātum'', ''kuātum'' || kâttun, kâttin; kuwātum, kuātum || 2SG.POSS.F.PL || kâttun, kâttin; kuwātum, kuātum || 2SG.POSS:F.PL |- | ''šûm'', ''šû''; ''šuwāʾum'', ''šuāʾum'' || šûm, šû; šuwāʾum, šuāʾum || 3SG.POSS.M.SG || šûm, šû; šuwāʾum, šuāʾum || 3SG.POSS.M.SG |- | ''šattum''; ''šuwātum'', ''šuātum'' || šattum; šuwātum, šuātum || 3SG.POSS.F.SG || šattum; šuwātum, šuātum || 3SG.POSS:F.SG |- | ''šuttun'', ''šuttin/šutten'' || šuttun, šuttin/šutten || 3SG.POSS.M.PL || šuttun, šuttin/šutten || 3SG.POSS:M.PL |- | ''-'' || - || || - || |- | ''nûm''; ''niʾāʾum'', ''innû'' || nûm; niʾāʾum, innû || 1PL.POSS.M.SG || nûm; niʾāʾum, innû || 1PL.POSS.M.SG |- | ''niātum'', ''nuttum'' || niātum, nuttum || 1PL.POSS.F.SG || niātum, nuttum || 1PL.POSS:F.SG |- | ''nuttum''; ''niʾāʾūtum'', ''innûte'' || nuttum; niʾāʾūtum, innûte || 1PL.POSS.M.PL || nuttum; niʾāʾūtum, innûte || 1PL.POSS:M.PL |- | ''-''; ''niʾâtum'' || -; niʾâtum || 1PL.POSS.F.PL || -; niʾâtum || 1PL.POSS:F.PL |- | ''-''; ''kunūʾum'', ''kunāʾu'', ''ikkanû'' || -; kunūʾum, kunāʾu, ikkanû || 2PL.POSS.M.SG || -; kunūʾum, kunāʾu, ikkanû || 2PL.POSS.M.SG |- | ''-''; ''kunūtum'' || -; kunūtum || 2PL.POSS.F.SG || -; kunūtum || 2PL.POSS:F.SG |- | ''-'' || - || || - || |- | ''-''; ''kunūʾātum'' || -; kunūʾātum || 2PL.POSS.F.PL || -; kunūʾātum || 2PL.POSS:F.PL |- | ''šunûm''; ''iššanû'', ''iššunû'' || šunûm; iššanû, iššunû || 3PL.POSS.M.SG || šunûm; iššanû, iššunû || 3PL.POSS.M.SG |- | ''-''; ''šunūtum'' || -; šunūtum || 3PL.POSS.F.SG || -; šunūtum || 3PL.POSS:F.SG |- | ''-'' || - || || - || |- | ''-'' || - || || - || |} ==== Demonstrative pronouns (B; A) ==== For detailed information and more forms, see ''GAG'' §45. Proximal {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''annûm'', ''annû''; ''annium'', ''anniu'' || annûm, annû; annium, anniu || this.M.SG:NOM || ann-ûm, ann-û; anni-um, anni-u || DEM.PROX.M.SG-NOM |- | ''annîm'', ''annî''; ''annê'' || annîm, annî; annê || this.M.SG:GEN || ann-îm, ann-î; ann-ê || DEM.PROX.M.SG-GEN |- | ''anniam'', ''annâ'' || anniam, annâ || this.M.SG:ACC || anni-am, ann-â || DEM.PROX.M.SG-ACC |- | ''annītum'', ''annītu'' || annītum, annītu || this:F.SG:NOM || annī-t-um, annī-t-u || DEM.PROX-F.SG-NOM |- | ''annītim'', ''annīti''; ''annīte '' || annītim, annīti; annīte || this:F.SG:GEN || annī-t-im, annī-t-i; annī-t-e || DEM.PROX-F.SG-GEN |- | ''annītam'', ''annīta'' || annītam, annīta || this:F.SG:ACC || annī-t-am, annī-t-a || DEM.PROX-F.SG-ACC |- | ''annûtum'', ''annûtu''; ''anniūtum'' || annûtum, annûtu; anniūtum || these:M.PL:NOM || ann-ût-um, ann-ût-u; anni-ūt-um || DEM.PROX-M.PL-NOM |- | ''annûtim'', ''annûti''; ''anniūtim'', ''annûte'' || annûtim, annûti; anniūtim, annûte || these:M.PL:GEN/ACC || ann-ût-im, ann-ût-i; anni-ūt-im, ann-ût-e || DEM.PROX-M.PL-GEN/ACC |- | ''anniātum'', ''annâtu'', ''annêtu'' || anniātum, annâtu, annêtu || these:F.PL:NOM || anni-āt-um, ann-ât-u, ann-êt-u || DEM.PROX-F.PL-NOM |- | ''anniātim'', ''annâti'', ''annêti''; ''annâte'' || anniātim, annâti, annêti; annâte || these:F.PL:GEN/ACC || anni-āt-im, ann-ât-i, ann-êt-i; ann-ât-e || DEM.PROX-F.PL-GEN/ACC |- | colspan="5" | '''only Old-Akkadian''' |- | ''annîn'' || annîn || these:ACC.DU || ann-în || these-DU.ACC |} Distal {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''ullûm'', ''ullû''; ''ammium'', ''ammiu'' || ullûm, ullû; ammium, ammiu || that.M.SG:NOM || ull-ûm, ull-û; ammi-um, ammi-u || DEM.DIST.M.SG-NOM |- | ''ullîm'', ''ullî''; ''ammîm'', ''ammê'' || ullîm, ullî; ammîm, ammê || that.M.SG:GEN || ull-îm, ull-î; amm-îm, amm-ê || DEM.DIST.M.SG-GEN |- | ''ullâm'', ''ullâ''; ''ammiam'', ''ammia'' || ullâm, ullâ; ammiam, ammia || that.M:ACC.SG || ull-âm, ull-â; ammi-am, ammi-a || DEM.DIST.M.SG-ACC |- | ''ullītum'', ''ullītu''; ''ammītum'', ''ammītu'' || ullītum, ullītu; ammītum, ammītu || that:F.SG:NOM || ullī-t-um, ullī-t-u; ammī-t-um, ammī-t-u || DEM.DIST-F.SG-NOM |- | ''ullītim'', ''ullīti''; ''ammītim'', ''ammīte'' || ullītim, ullīti; ammītim, ammīte || that:F.SG:GEN || ullī-t-im, ullī-t-i; ammī-t-im, ammī-t-e || DEM.DIST-F.SG-GEN |- | ''ullītam'', ''ullīta''; ''ammītam'', ''ammīta'' || ullītam, ullīta; ammītam, ammīta || that:F.SG:ACC || ullī-t-am, ullī-t-a; ammī-t-am, ammī-t-a || DEM.DIST-F.SG-ACC |- | ''ullûtum'', ''ullûtu''; ''ammiūtum'', ''ammûtu'' || ullûtum, ullûtu; ammiūtum, ammûtu || those:M.PL:NOM || ull-ût-um, ull-ût-u; ammi-ūt-um, amm-ût-u || DEM.DIST-M.PL-NOM |- | ''ullûtim'', ''ullûti''; ''ammiūtim'', ''ammûte'' || ullûtim, ullûti; ammiūtim, ammûte || those:M.PL:GEN/ACC || ull-ût-im, ull-ût-i; ammi-ūt-im, amm-ût-e || DEM.DIST-M.PL-GEN/ACC |- | ''ulliātum'', ''ullâtu''; ''ammiātum'', ''ammâtu'' || ulliātum, ullâtu; ammiātum, ammâtu || those:F.PL:NOM || ulli-āt-um, ull-ât-u; ammi-āt-um, amm-â-tu || DEM.DIST-F.PL-NOM |- | ''ulliātim'', ''ullâti''; ''ammiātim'', ''ammâte'' || ulliātim, ullâti; ammiātim, ammâte || those:F.PL:GEN/ACC || ulli-āt-im, ull-ât-i; ammi-āt-im, amm-ât-e || DEM.DIST-F.PL-GEN/ACC |} Ãsdà<±�ü<#Î"D^NV�¯� ò>²¯��ÆÊ)r�*»Pnyò¤¼.oÈ"ìZ9�©Æ©j Ú¨²U>¨õ:Æ:·rt¾~ªZª`U²êc¬+!VÈ!]àwO Ü��Í8�GÑÿ\"���EiÎEx£2+2È<�û�Uܧæ2} /þ�±��ªTñÖ+*�ÏåÝÔs)Ý�T�mã¢@}-Ñi�È�j£�©hÚ��-�{ÄnnIÙ¢©è)VIâBÞD è÷7i �ç1´ ø�<�q:�ee2Ï ¦þ:¡¸�'ñ]B�4U¥Ñkô»�¿D�éfprÕ$ði'-Ã~FùSzÂÚ¿�ºIÐ(�~IÅÔë�¥C� È�+²Ù" id½¬&Ò]ú�ÝÔ»ÐQ-AÒëÁ¡júÙoä× 2Ú�Ý ¡6PL!ºd/^�¿ê�¥Û`I"TÝ úP�M�õ�úYþ*ºÿ?¾Ç³O¸6?á x¢)�ÆOç9�:lóûyþ¿+F9tËsuN�ôxü�nÆù|>f% Ú3h%:ú ºÙF�©O·è�bo"¨65@¼�û«4Bô{©�W ÑÐlMp¼åoÁ,ÓP½UÐó^hã.8ÑöÑ9�\��¥býPÌÓ�u�o�ÎÛñN�¨�G·w87�c±Þ+i�¨.þïªmêºâ÷Þ÷á÷l'~NBâÜÇM�â4_Npñkl�¶(@ 6ª©óÕ�6M¤X5)�=D¥UÕ6þè¤hLZ�ƨ-ÑÊVRÅ´?6Ô¢©&2$b{ç>'i2i{~¾ï|Ý{Î=÷wï;�}�Ù.[qµÁ¹ÄÇa¬£Ð�xèEq�Và&ê5Éý�òÝ�4wáA¿�ìÐj�@ýÂß1Am¥Cå(9Å}�ï2Èß ·�=g! �Ì£và�QOé�Äð)æx�ÿÉâGdº<Ï+}�ý�ý�ÖDçÏÚüëü�þ>xlLï>¶o ?Ú×ÓÝõ\g¤co{[¸uOËîP°YÛ¥Ò¦F¿Ïëi¨ßQW[ãV\ÕUN]l¢Às�£¶6£f(gò!íàÁvÆkã �ß"È�DCÛmL³ÌèvK�,_ý/K½b©oZb ÆP¬½¦4j~Ôh��M�ý¤¡æªEXô�®�ZU¡�MyfÔÄ92ÎÎ�©\�Ë;ì -1mooCy»�H�Pfv&�öc ©<AR��eú´dÊôjI�É�SãSæáÑt*éWÕL{�Ú´AÓ�¶LPÂrc Óf¹¡§ØlÐ%o[1.��4�;§´©ñÓ&7a>Üað4�¾ûÐó5�×$Òó[µ~ÎHyNQÆ�Æ<5WFÓ[µ*k3���úàPÎ��×!ÃG)x#�2i�_�Íͪ2¿i-Å$¹ÓÔµAmÆ8¥ñ�&:r^]ðùô¥ò�äKQc,©fܯeÆù:d�9¿èÕ©w»¦½-¯¸+ÍW»Ö gÕVbzSgQ9£lf�³´o� L:I!´�s²f:É(ÁÁÐË�9eÊ¡�09ëo AE£ÆW�� ~¹]2¾.�ÊW�'P�ý�mÃfk+-�k 1î·øö¶³�Ò«Q(< }è0äv<3Ð�éWU¶À :�Æ�MWx&ü�Hï�gLc ÍcL3·¡ÙìÓ�É7�¼£Ð�S mÞ.¥¾653`âúÿ£®èjã'Ò4eäÖs;<¶«è£ºuʬM¤9?Y§³´�Ê7�v|�nÑ�õÉ�(-�¦C¦;Xi3vUý} 6iK§Bù¬õøºÛzæ@x;¿o�¿-:§ÁA¼|�0�û6Ý��@1¤Ñ!#g�Ês��U4c\#×3©ÜÆ�ÊËüæÐå�Lb���X �Ìkøâh^Ç�H/)�Ñcé�I"7É7.½�õnI 2!c(cÐ0�/�ɲ÷/é�ÍYZÞ�Xüd�#K&mÈ0,L©8 Yt¨4'�|E£oXó *²¹u˺µ�� i�éÈRV.vh$ÆÒ[á`í±L»e�øAýaC7�.¶�ëµHàK�²Ûø�F^I�Jû��e·�yÂÊX1vHy��)ÆP�he ÎêVÝAh0DºF¹5]@Ï�åW �ê�q!a�Éè¸.¼A.�ð�¼gñ����rò7,`äá{* ÓÇ$«W oâ)oò<ïµ/ãkPxÂà9��a1óxìqvµ¿3²ªê�m=½Í}]\¨ôÅÿø�L"�yíJªÜüñ÷Y�]P�:!�ë¯üÚsÓ·ä¿ËÿÎsÏsÏ{Ï'%üÆDà¸÷'üÛëü{裨Eìó�ä�7á=ÍÞf�W�âó�=WýW�¯�®7^�H5( �h 3p6ðfàJà³�(Wôúº�Ý�¢8]��QD(@qÁ!P-ÖÔw£�ùé"ÁNW��×µ&g8u;ß«�äûõõP�`äkrÝWÎ�ïÎOkÍ{äñê!åÉl,6¢¬¢x1<û�Ò�ÎÎÆÜ5ýØÝ�ÎÂ.\BòʻŰà²�zµÒÏKJ¿ ¹áéî�[W&/2hè�Ùïõ�-fÕ4��w6Ó�ÁÙáÑôÈ�oFø�Ê�¢Ñh�Ïf³YìV{kúzûz{ºCÚ.Ñ�ìmîz� � ==== Determinative/Relative pronoun ==== Full declination in OAKK only. Later ''ša'' is used in all cases. For detailed information, see ''GAG'' §46. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''šu'' || šu || DET/REL.M.SG.NOM || š:u || DET/REL.M.SG:NOM |- | ''ši'' || ši || DET/REL.M.SG.GEN || š:i || DET/REL.M.SG:GEN |- | ''ša'' || ša || DET/REL.M.SG.ACC || š:a || DET/REL.M.SG:ACC |- | ''šāt'' || šāt || DET/REL.F.SG.NOM/GEN/ACC || šāt || DET/REL.F.SG.NOM/GEN/ACC |- | ''šūt'' || šūt || DET/REL.PL.NOM || šūt || DET/REL.C.PL.NOM |} ==== Interrrogative and indefinite pronouns ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §47. Indefinite pronouns are formed by reduplication of the interrogative and demonstrative pronouns, see ''GAG'' §48. For more forms, see ''GAG'' §48. Substantival and personal {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''mannum'', ''mannu'' || mannum, mannu || who:NOM || mann-um, mann-u || INDF.NA-NOM |- | ''mannim'', ''manni'' || mannim, manni || whose:GEN || mann-im, mann-i || INDF.NA-GEN |- | ''mannam'', ''manna'' || mannam, manna || whom:ACC || mann-am, mann-a || INDF.NA-ACC |} Substantival and inpersonal {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''mīnûm'', ''mīnû''; ''mīnum'', ''mīnu '' || mīnûm, mīnû; mīnum, mīnu || what:NOM || mīn-ûm, mīn-û; mīn-um, mīn-u || INDF.NI-NOM |- | ''minim'', ''mīnî''; ''mīnim'', ''mīni'' || minim, mīnî; mīnim, mīni || of_what:GEN || min-im, mīn-î; mīn-im, mīn-i || INDF.NI-GEN |- | ''mīnâm'', ''mīnâ''; ''mīnam'', ''mina'' || mīnâm, mīnâ; mīnam, mīna || what:ACC || mīn-âm, mīn-â; mīn-am, mīn-a || INDF.NI-ACC |} Adjectival {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''ajjum'', ''ajju'' || ajjum, ajju || which.M.SG:NOM || ajj-um, ajj-u || which(M)[SG]-NOM |- | ''ajjim'', ''ajji'' || ajjim, ajji || of_which.M.SG:GEN || ajj-im, ajj-i || which(M)[SG]-GEN |- | ''ajjam'', ''ajja'' || ajjam, ajja || which.M.SG:ACC || ajj-am, ajj-a || which(M)[SG]-ACC |- | ''ajjītum'', ''ajjītu'' || ajjītum, ajjītu || which:F.SG:NOM || ajj-īt-um, ajj-īt-u || which-F.SG-NOM |- | ''ajjītim'', ''ajjīti'' || ajjītim, ajjīti || of_which:F.SG:GEN || ajj-īt-im, ajj-īt-i || which-F.SG-GEN |- | ''ajjītam'', ''ajjīta'' || ajjītam, ajjīta || which:F.SG:ACC || ajj-īt-am, ajj-īt-a || which-F.SG-ACC |- | ''ajjūtum'', ''ajjūtu'' || ajjūtum, ajjūtu || which:M.PL:NOM || ajj-ūt-um, ajj-ūt-u || which-M.PL-NOM |- | ''ajjūtim'', ''ajjūti'' || ajjūtim, ajjūti || which:M.PL:GEN/ACC || ajj-ūt-im, ajj-ūt-i || which-M.PL-GEN/ACC |- | ''ajjātum'', ''ajjātu'' || ajjātum, ajjātu || which:F.PL:NOM || ajj-āt-um, ajj-āt-u || which-F.PL-NOM |- | ''ajjātim'', ''ajjāti'' || ajjātim, ajjāti || which:F.PL:GEN/ACC || ajj-āt-im, ajj-āt-i || which-F.PL-GEN/ACC |} Indefinite pronouns {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''mamman'' || mamman || anybody || mam:man || anybody |- | ''mamma'' || mamma || anybody.PTCL || mam=ma || anybody=PTCL |- | ''mimma'' || mimma || anything.PTCL || mim=ma || anything=PTCL |- | ''ajjumma'' || ajjumma || any.M.SG:NOM.PTCL || ajj-um=ma || any(M)[SG]-NOM=PTCL |- | ''ajjamma'' || ajjamma || any.M.SG:ACC.PCTL || ajj-am=ma || any(M)[SG]-ACC=PTCL |- | ''ajjītumma'' || ajjītumma || any:F.SG:NOM.PCTL || ajjī-t-um=ma || any-F.SG-NOM=PTCL |- | ''ajjūtumma'' || ajjūtumma || any:M.PL:NOM.PCTL || ajj-ūt-um=ma || any-M.PL-NOM=PTCL |- | ''ajjātumma'' || ajjātumma || any:F.PL:NOM.PCTL || ajj-āt-um=ma || any-F.PL-NOM=PTCL |- | ''annanna'' || annanna || Nomen_nominandum || ann~anna || DEM.PROX~DEM.PROX |- | ''annannītum'', ''annannītu'' || annannītum, annannītu || Nomen_nominandum:F.SG:NOM || ann~annī-t-um, annannītu || DEM.PROX~DEM.PROX-F.SG-NOM |} === Nouns (OB, MB; OA, MA) === For further information, see ''GAG'' §§60—67. ==== Status rectus ==== Substantive {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''šarrum'', ''šarru'' || šarrum, šarru || king.M.SG:NOM || šarr-um, šarr-u || king(M)[SG]-NOM |- | ''šarram'', ''šarra'' || šarram, šarra || king.M.SG:ACC || šarr-am, šarr-a || king(M)[SG]-ACC |- | ''šarrim'', ''šarri''; ''šarre'' || šarrim, šarri; šarre || king.M.SG:GEN || šarr-im, šarr-i; šarr-e || king(M)[SG]-GEN |- | ''šarrū'' || šarrū || king.M:NOM.PL || šarr-ū || king(M)-NOM.PL |- | ''šarrī''; ''šarrē'' || šarrī; šarrē || king.M:GEN/ACC.PL || šarr-ī; šarr-ē || king(M)-GEN/ACC.PL |- | ''šarrānu'' || šarrānu || king.M:NOM.PL || šarr-ānu || king(M)-NOM.PL |- | ''šarrāni'' || šarrāni || king.M:GEN/ACC.PL || šarr-āni || king(M)-GEN/ACC.PL |- | ''šarrān'' || šarrān || king.M:NOM.DU || šarr-ān || king(M)-DU.NOM |- | ''šarrīn''; ''šarrēn'' || šarrīn; šarrēn || king.M:GEN/ACC.DU || šarr-īn; šarr-ēn || king(M)-DU.GEN/ACC |- | ''ṣillum'' || ṣillum || shadow.M.SG:LOC || ṣill-um || shadow(M)[SG]-LOC |- | ''šarriš'' || šarriš || king.M.SG:TERM || šarr-iš || king(M)[SG]-TERM |- | ''šarratum'', ''šarratu''; ''šarrutum'', ''šarrutu'' || šarratum, šarratu; šarrutum, šarrutu || queen:F.SG:NOM || šarr:at-um, šarr:at-u; šarr:ut-um, šarr:ut-u || queen:F.SG-NOM |- | ''šarratam'', ''šarrata'' || šarratam, šarrata || queen:F.SG:ACC || šarr:at-am, šarr:at-a || queen:F.SG-ACC |- | ''šarratim'', ''šarrati''; ''šarritim'', ''šarrete'' || šarratim, šarrati; šarritim, šarrete || queen:F.SG:GEN || šarr:at-im, šarr:at-i; šarr:it-im, šarr:et-e || queen:F.SG-GEN |- | ''šarrātum''; ''šarrātu'' || šarrātum; šarrātu || queen:F.PL:NOM || šarr:āt-um; šarr:āt-u || queen:F.PL-NOM |- | ''bēlētum'', ''bēlētu''; ''bēlātum'', ''bēlātu'' || bēlētum, bēlētu; bēlātum, bēlātu || lady:F.PL:NOM || bēl:ēt-um, bēl:ēt-u; bēl:āt-um, bēl:āt-u || lady:F.PL-NOM |- | ''šarrātim'', ''šarrāti''; ''šarrāte'' || šarrātim, šarrāti; šarrāte || queen:F.PL:GEN/ACC || šarr:āt-im, šarr:āt-i; šarr:āt-e || queen:F.PL-GEN/ACC |- | ''šarrātān'' || šarrātān || queen:F:NOM.DU || šarr:āt-ān || queen:F-DU.NOM |- | ''šarrātīn''; ''šarrātēn'' || šarrātīn; šarrātēn || queen:F.PL:GEN/ACC.DU || šarr:āt-īn; šarr:āt-ēn || queen:F.PL-DU.GEN/ACC |- | ''šipirtum'' || šipirtum || message:F.SG:LOC || šipir:t-um || message:F.SG-LOC |- | ''šarratiš'' || šarrātiš || queen:F.SG:TERM || šarr:at-iš || queen:F.SG-TERM |} Adjective {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''damqum'', ''damqu'' || damqum, damqu || good.M.SG:NOM || damq-um, damq-u || good(M)[SG]-NOM |- | ''damqam'', ''damqa'' || damqam, damqa || good.M.SG:ACC || damq-am, damq-a || good(M)[SG]-ACC |- | ''damqim'', ''damqi''; ''damqe'' || damqim, damqi; damqe || good.M.SG:GEN || damq-im, damq-i; damq-e || good(M)[SG]-GEN |- | ''damqūtum'', ''damqūtu'' || damqūtum, damqūtu || good:M.PL:NOM || damq-ūt-um, damq-ūt-u || good-M.PL-NOM |- | ''damqūti'', ''damqūte'' || damqūti, damqūte || good:M.PL:GEN/ACC || damq-ūt-i, damq-ūt-e || good-M.PL-GEN/ACC |- | ''damiqtum'', ''damiqtu'' || damiqtum, damiqtu || good:F.SG:NOM || damiq-t-um, damiq-t-u || good-F.SG-NOM |- | ''damiqtam'', ''damiqta'' || damiqtam, damiqta || good-F.SG:ACC || damiq-t-am, damiq-t-a || good-F.SG-ACC |- | ''damiqtim'', ''damiqti''; ''damiqte'' || damiqtim, damiqti; damiqte || good:F.SG:GEN || damiq-t-im, damiq-t-i; damiq-t-e || good-F.SG-GEN |- | ''damqātum'', ''damqātu'' || damqātum, damqātu || good:F.PL:NOM || damq-āt-um, damq-āt-u || good-F.PL-NOM |- | ''damqātim'', ''damqāti''; ''damqāte'' || damqātim, damqāti; damqāte || good:F.PL:GEN/ACC || damq-āt-im, damq-āt-i; damq-āt-e || good-F.PL-GEN/ACC |} ==== Status constructus ==== For more information, see ''GAG'' §§64—65. Status constructus with genitive (Status rectus ''bēlum'', ''šarratum'', ''abum'', ''kunukkum'', ''kalbum'', ''šubtum'', ''qīštum'') = Status absolutus. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''bēl'' || bēl || lord.M.SG.STC || bēl || lord(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC |- | ''šarrat'' || šarrat || queen:F.SG.STC || šarr:at || queen:F.SG{{tf}}STC |- | ''abi'' || abi || father.M.SG.STC || ab-i || father(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC-E |- | ''kunuk'' || kunuk || cylinder_seal.M.SG.STC || kunuk || cylinder_seal(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC |- | ''kalab'' || kalab || dog.M.SG.STC || kalab || dog(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC |- | ''šubat'' || šubat || residence:F.SG.STC || šub:at || residence:F.SG{{tf}}STC |- | ''qīšti'' || qīšti || present:F.SG.STC || qīš:t-i || present:F.SG{{tf}}STC-E |- | ''bēlū'' || bēlū || lord.M.STC:NOM.PL || bēl-ū || lord(M){{tf}}STC-NOM.PL |- | ''bēlī'' || bēlī || lord.M.STC:GEN/ACC.PL || bēl-ī || lord(M){{tf}}STC-GEN/ACC.PL |- | ''šarrāt'' || šarrāt || queen:F.PL.STC || šarr:āt || queen:F.PL{{tf}}STC |- | ''bēlā'' || bēlā || lord.M.STC:DU || bēl-ā || lord(M){{tf}}STC-DU |} Status constructus nominative/accusative with suffix 1SG. Plural only nominative. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''bēlī'' || bēlī || lord.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.GEN || bēl-ī || lord(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.GEN |- | ''šarratī'' || šarratī || queen:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.GEN || šarr:at-ī || queen:F.SG{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.GEN |- | ''abī'' || abī || father.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.GEN || ab-ī || father(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.GEN |- | ''kunukkī'' || kunukkī || cylinder_seal.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.GEN || kunukk-ī || cylinder_seal(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.GEN |- | ''kalbi'' || kalbī || dog.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.GEN || kalb-ī || dog(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.GEN |- | ''šubtī'' || šubtī || residence:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.GEN || šub:t-ī || residence:F.SG{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.GEN |- | ''qīštī'' || qīštī || present:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:1SG.GEN || qīš:t-ī || present:F.SG{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-1SG.GEN |- | ''bēlū’a'' || bēlū’a || lords.M.STC:NOM.PL:1SG.GEN || bēl-ū-’a || lords(M){{tf}}STC-NOM.PL-1SG.GEN |- | ''šarrātū’a'' || šarrātū’a || queens:F.PL.STC:NOM.PL:1SG.GEN || šarr:āt-ū-’a || queens:F.PL{{tf}}STC-NOM.PL-1SG.GEN |- | ''bēlāja, <br/>bēlā’a'' || bēlā, bēlā’a || lords.M.STC:NOM.DU:1SG.GEN || bēl-ā-ja, bēl-ā-’a || lords(M){{tf}}STC-DU.NOM-1SG.GEN |} Status constructus nominative/accusative with suffixes of other persons. Plural only nominative {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''bēlka'' || bēlka || lord.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.GEN || bēl-ka || lord(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.GEN |- | ''šarratka'' || šarratka || queen:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.GEN || šarr:at-ka || queen:F.SG{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.GEN |- | ''abūka <br/>abāka'' || abūka <br/>abāka || father.M.SG.STC:NOM:2SG.M.GEN <br/>father.M.SG.STC:ACC:2SG.M.GEN || ab-ū-ka <br/>ab-ā-ka || father(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC-NOM-2SG.M.GEN <br/>father(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC-ACC-2SG.M.GEN |- | ''kunukkaka'' || kunukkaka || cylinder_seal.M.SG.STC:E.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.GEN || kunukk-a-ka || cylinder_seal(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC-E.NOM/ACC -2SG.M.GEN |- | ''kalabka'' || kalabka || dog.M.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.GEN || kalab-ka || dog(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.GEN |- | ''šubatka'' || šubatka || residence:F.SG.STC.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.GEN || šub:at-ka || residence:F.SG{{tf}}STC.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.GEN |- | ''qīštaka'' || qīštaka || present:F.SG.STC:E.NOM/ACC:2SG.M.GEN || qīš:t-a-ka || present:F.SG{{tf}}STC-E.NOM/ACC-2SG.M.GEN |- | ''bēlūka'' || bēlūka || lords.M.STC:NOM.PL:2SG.M.GEN || bēl-ū-ka || lords(M){{tf}}STC-NOM.PL-2SG.M.GEN |- | ''šarrātūka'' || šarrātūka || queens:F.PL.STC:NOM.PL:2SG.M.GEN || šarr:āt-ū-ka || queens:F.PL{{tf}}STC-NOM.PL-2SG.M.GEN |- | ''bēlāka'' || bēlāka || lords.M.STC:NOM.DU:2SG.M.GEN || bēl-ā-ka || lords(M){{tf}}STC-DU.NOM-2SG.M.GEN |} Status constructus genitive with suffixes of all persons. Plural oblique. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''bēlija'' || bēlija || lord.M.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS || bēl-i-ja || lord(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |- | ''šarratija'' || šarratija || queen:F.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS || šarr:at-i-ja || queen:F.SG{{tf}}STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |- | ''abīja'' || abīja || father.M.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS || ab-ī-ja || father(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |- | ''kunukkija'' || kunukkija || cylinder_seal.M.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS || kunukk-i-ja || cylinder_seal(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |- | ''kalbija'' || kalbija || dog.M.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS || kalb-i-ja || dog(M)[SG]{{tf}}STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |- | ''šubtija'' || šubtija || residence:F.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS || šub:t-i-ja || residence:F.SG{{tf}}STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |- | ''qīštija'' || qīštija || present:F.SG.STC:GEN:1SG.POSS || qīš:t-i-ja || present:F.SG{{tf}}STC-GEN-1SG.POSS |- | ''bēlīja'' || bēlīja || lords.M.STC:GEN/ACC.PL:1SG.POSS || bēl-ī-ja || lords(M){{tf}}STC-GEN/ACC.PL-1SG.POSS |- | ''šarrātīja'' || šarrātīja || queens:F.PL.STC:GEN/ACC.PL:1SG.POSS || šarr:āt-ī-ja || queens:F.PL{{tf}}STC-GEN/ACC.PL-1SG.POSS |- | ''bēlīja'' || bēlīja || lords.M.STC:GEN/ACC.DU:1SG.POSS || bēl-ī-ja || lords(M){{tf}}STC-DU.GEN/ACC-1SG.POSS |} === Nouns and Verbs === ==== Stative (B;A) ==== In OA and seldom archaic in OB, the 2SG form is a communis form ''-āti''. Dual forms only in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A. Dual forms = 3PL.F. For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75 a-c, 77, 87 l. ''zikarum'' ‘man’, ''bēlum'' ‘lord’, ''parāsum'' ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''zikarāku'' || zikarāku || man.STAT:1SG || zikar-āku || man{{tf}}STAT-1SG.C |- | ''zikarāta'' || zikarāta || man.STAT:2SG.M || zikar-āt:a || man{{tf}}STAT-2SG:M |- | ''zikarāti'' || zikarāti || man.STAT:2SG.F || zikar-āt:i || man{{tf}}STAT-2SG:F |- | ''zikar'' || zikar || man.STAT.3SG.M || zikar || man{{tf}}STAT(3SG.M) |- | ''zikarat'' || zikarat || man.STAT:3SG.F || zikar-at || man{{tf}}STAT-3SG.F |- | ''zikarānu''; ''zikarāni'' || zikarānu; zikarāni || man.STAT:1PL <br/>man.STAT:1PL || zikar-ānu; zikar-āni || man{{tf}}STAT-1PL.C <br/>man{{tf}}STAT-1PL.C |- | ''zikarātunu'' || zikarātunu || man.STAT:2PL.M || zikar-ātunu || man{{tf}}STAT-2PL.M |- | ''zikarātina'' || zikarātina || man.STAT:2PL.F || zikar-ātina || man{{tf}}STAT-2PL.F |- | ''zikarū'' || zikarū || man.STAT:3PL.M || zikar-ū || man{{tf}}STAT-3PL.M |- | ''zikarā'' || zikarā || man.STAT:3PL.F || zikar-ā || man{{tf}}STAT-3PL.F |- | ''bēlēku'' || bēlēku || lord.STAT:1SG || bēl-ēku || lord{{tf}}STAT-1SG.C |- | ''bēlēta''; ''bēlāti'' || bēlēta; <br/>bēlāti || lord.STAT:2SG.M <br/>lord.STAT:2SG || bēl-ēt:a; <br/>bēl-āt:i || lord{{tf}}STAT-2SG:M <br/>lord{{tf}}STAT-2SG:C |- | ''bēlēti'' || bēlēti || lord.STAT:2SG.F || bēl-ēt:i || lord{{tf}}STAT-2SG:F |- | ''bēl'' || bēl || lord.STAT.3SG.M || bēl || lord{{tf}}STAT(3SG.M) |- | ''bēlēt''; ''bēlāt'' || bēlēt; bēlāt || lord.STAT:3SG.F || bēl-ēt; bēl-āt || lord{{tf}}STAT-3SG.F |- | ''bēlēnu''; ''bēlāni'' || bēlēnu; bēlāni || lord.STAT:1PL || bēl-ēnu; bēl-āni || lord{{tf}}STAT-1PL.C |- | ''bēlētunu''; ''bēlātunu'' || bēlētunu; bēlātunu || lord.STAT:2PL.M || bēl-ētunu; bēl-ātunu || lord{{tf}}STAT-2PL.M |- | ''bēlētina''; ''bēlātina'' || bēlētina; bēlātina || lord.STAT:2PL.F || bēl-ētina; bēl-ātina || lord{{tf}}STAT-2PL.F |- | ''bēlū'' || bēlū || lord.STAT:3PL.M || bēl-ū || lord{{tf}}STAT-3PL.M |- | ''bēlā'' || bēlā || lord.STAT:3PL.F || bēl-ā || lord{{tf}}STAT-3PL.F |- | ''parsāku'' || parsāku || cut.STAT:1SG || pars-āku || cut{{tf}}STAT-1SG.C |- | ''parsāta'' || parsāta || cut.STAT:2SG.M || pars-āt:a || cut{{tf}}STAT-2SG:M |- | ''parsāti'' || parsāti || cut.STAT:2SG.F || pars-āt:i || cut{{tf}}STAT-2SG:F |- | ''paris'' || paris || cut.STAT.3SG.M || paris || cut{{tf}}STAT(3SG.M) |- | ''parsat'' || parsat || cut.STAT:3SG.F || pars-at || cut{{tf}}STAT-3SG.F |- | ''parsānu''; ''parsāni'' || parsānu; parsāni || cut.STAT:1PL || pars-ānu; pars-āni || cut{{tf}}STAT-1PL.C |- | ''parsātunu'' || parsātunu || cut.STAT:2PL.M || pars-ātunu || cut{{tf}}STAT-2PL.M |- | ''parsātina'' || parsātina || cut.STAT:2PL.F || pars-ātina || cut{{tf}}STAT-2PL.F |- | ''parsū'' || parsū || cut.STAT:3PL.M || pars-ū || cut{{tf}}STAT-3PL.M |- | ''parsā'' || parsā || cut.STAT:3PL.F || pars-ā || cut{{tf}}STAT-3PL.F |} === Verbs === ==== Present tense G (Babylonian) ==== For the Assyrian vocal harmony, see ''GAG'' §10e. For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 78, 87. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''aparras'' || aparras || 1SG:cut.G.PRS || a-parras || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRS |- | ''taparras'' || taparras || 2SG.M:cut.G.PRS || ta-parras || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRS |- | ''taparrasī'' || taparrasī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRS:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || ta-parras-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRS-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iparras'' || iparras || 3SG.M:cut.G.PRS || iparras || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRS |- | ''taparras'' || taparras || 3SG.F:cut.G.PRS || ta-parras || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}G.PRS |- | ''niparras'' || niparras || 1PL:cut.G.PRS || ni-parras || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRS |- | ''taparrasā'' || taparrasā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRS:2PL<sub>1</sub> || ta-parras-ā || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRS-2PL.C<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iparrasū'' || iparrasū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRS:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || i-parras-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRS-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iparrasā'' || iparrasā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRS:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || i-parras-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRS-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Perfect tense G ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 80, 87. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual only in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''aptaras'' || aptaras || 1SG:cut.G.PRF || a-ptaras || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRF |- | ''taptaras'' || taptaras || 2SG.M:cut.G.PRF || ta-ptaras || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRF |- | ''taptarsī'' || taptarsī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRF:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || ta-ptars-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRF-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iptaras'' || iptaras || 3SG.M:cut.G.PRF || i-ptaras || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRF |- | ''taptaras'' || taptaras || 3SG.F:cut.G.PRF || ta-ptaras || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}G.PRF |- | ''niptaras'' || niptaras || 1PL:cut.G.PRF || ni-ptaras || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRF |- | ''taptarsā'' || taptarsā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRF:2PL<sub>1</sub> || ta-ptars-ā || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRF-2PL.C<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iptarsū'' || iptarsū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRF:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || i-ptars-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRF-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iptarsā'' || iptarsā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRF:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || i-ptars-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRF-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Preterit tense G ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 79, 87. 3SG.F predominantly OAKK and A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual forms = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''aprus'' || aprus || 1SG:cut.G.PRT || a-prus || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''taprus'' || taprus || 2SG.M:cut.G.PRT || ta-prus || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''taprusī'' || taprusī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || ta-prus-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iprus'' || iprus || 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT || i-prus || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''taprus'' || taprus || 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT || ta-prus || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''niprus'' || niprus || 1PL:cut.G.PRT || ni-prus || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''taprusā'' || taprusā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub> || ta-prus-ā || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-2PL.C<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iprusū'' || iprusū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || i-prus-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iprusā'' || iprusā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || i-prus-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Imperative, precative ==== 1C.PL in older A only. Vetitive (aj + PRT), prohibitive (lā + PRS), verbal adjective, participle, infinitve, stative G (B;A). For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75 j, 77, 81, 85,87 e/f. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''purus'' || purus || cut.G.IMP.M.SG || purus || cut{{tf}}G.IMP.M.SG |- | ''pursī'' || pursī || cut:G.IMP.SG.F || purs-ī || cut{{tf}}G.IMP-F.SG |- | ''pursā'' || pursā || cut:G.IMP.PL || purs-ā || cut{{tf}}G.IMP-C.PL |- | ''luprus''; ''laprus'' || luprus; laprus || PREC.1C.SG:cut.G.PRT || lu-prus; la-prus || PREC.1.C.SG-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''liprus'' || liprus || PREC.3SG.M-cut.G.PRT || li-prus || PREC.3SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''-''; ''lū taprus'' || -; lū taprus || PREC 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT || -; lū ta-prus || PREC 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''i niprus''; <br/>''lū niprus'' || i niprus; <br/>lū niprus || PREC 1C.PL:cut.G.PRT <br/>PREC 1C.PL:cut.G.PRT || i ni-prus; <br/>lū ni-prus || PREC 1C.PL-cut{{tf}}G.PRT <br/>PREC 1C.PL-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''liprusū'' || liprusū || PREC.3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || li-prus-ū || PREC.3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''liprusā'' || liprusā || PREC.3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || li-prus-ā || PREC.3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''aj iprus'' || aj iprus || VET 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT || aj i-prus || VET 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT |- | ''lā iparras'' || lā iparras || NEG 3SG.M:cut.G.PRS || lā i-parras || NEG 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRS |- | ''parsum'', ''parsu'' || parsum, parsu || cut.ADJ.M.SG.NOM || pars-um, pars-u || cut{{tf}}ADJ(M)[SG]-NOM |- | ''pārisum'', ''pārisu'' || pārisum, pārisu || cut.PTCP.M.SG.NOM || pāris-um, pāris-u || cut{{tf}}PTCP(M)[SG]-NOM |- | ''parāsum'', ''parāsu'' || parāsum, parāsu || cut.INF.M.SG.NOM || parās-um, parās-u || cut{{tf}}INF(M)[SG]-NOM |- | ''paris'' || paris || cut.G.STAT.3SG.M || paris || cut{{tf}}G.STAT(3SG.M) |} ==== Subordinative (B;A) ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §83. 3SG.M is communis in B. ''-u'' = B, ''-(ū)ni'' = A. Forms with a vocalic ending don’t show any subordinative marker in B. In these cases, only the Assyrian form is given. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ (example with Preterit G stem) (B; A). {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''aprusu''; ''aprusūni'' || aprusu; aprusūni || 1SG:cut.G.PRT:SBRD || a-prus-u; a-prus-ūn-i || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-SBRD |- | ''taprusu''; ''taprusūni'' || taprusu; taprusūni || 2SG.M:cut.G.PRT:SBRD || ta-prus-u; taprus-ū-ni || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-SBRD |- | ''taprusīni'' || taprusīni || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:SBRD || ta-prus-ī-ni || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-SBRD |- | ''iprusu''; ''iprusūni'' || iprusu; iprusūni || 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT:SBRD || i-prus-u; i-prus-ū-ni || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-SBRD |- | ''taprusu''; ''taprusūni'' || taprusu; taprusūni || 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT:SBRD || ta-prus-u; ta-prus-ū-ni || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-SBRD |- | ''niprusu''; ''niprusūni'' || niprusu; niprusūni || 1PL:cut.G.PRT:SBRD || ni-prus-u; ni-prus-ū-ni || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-SBRD |- | ''taprusāni'' || taprusāni || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub>:SBRD || ta-prus-ā-ni || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-SBRD |- | ''iprusūni'' || iprusūni || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:SBRD || i-prus-ū-ni || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-SBRD |- | ''iprusāni'' || iprusāni || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:SBRD || i-prus-ā-ni || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:SBRD |} ==== Ventive (OAKK and B) ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §82. 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual form in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. 2SG.F indicative form = ventive form after the mimation is dropped off (In these cases, only the form with mimation is given). ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ (example with Preterit G stem) {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''aprusam'', ''aprusa'' || aprusam, aprusa || 1SG:cut.G.PRT:VENT || a-prus-am, a-prus-a || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT |- | ''taprusam'', ''taprusa'' || taprusam, taprusa || 2SG.M:cut.G.PRT:VENT || ta-prus-am, ta-prus-a || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT |- | ''taprusīm'' || taprusīm || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:VENT || ta-prus-ī-m || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-VENT |- | ''iprusam'', ''iprusa'' || iprusam, iprusa || 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT:VENT || i-prus-am, i-prus-a || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT |- | ''taprusam'', ''taprusa'' || taprusam, taprusa || 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT:VENT || ta-prus-am, ta-prus-a || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT |- | ''niprusam, <br/>niprusa'' || niprusam, <br/>niprusa || 1PL:cut.G.PRT:VENT || ni-prus-am, <br/>ni-prus-a || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT |- | ''taprusānim'', ''taprusāni'' || taprusānim, taprusāni || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub>:VENT || ta-prus-ā-nim, ta-prus-ā-ni || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-VENT |- | ''iprusūnim'', ''iprusūni'' || iprusūnim, iprusūni || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:VENT || i-prus-ū-nim, i-prus-ū-ni || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-VENT |- | ''iprusānim'', ''iprusāni'' || iprusānim, iprusāni || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:VENT || i-prus-ā-nim, i-prus-ā-ni || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-VENT |} ==== Assyrian subordinative of the ventive ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §82. *''-am-ni'', *''nim-ni'' > ''-anni'', ''-ninni''. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ (example with Preterit G stem) {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''aprusanni'' || aprusanni || 1SG:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD || a-prus-an-ni || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |- | ''taprusanni'' || taprusanni || 2SG.M:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD || ta-prus-an-ni || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |- | ''taprusīnni'' || taprusīnni || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:VENT:SBRD || ta-prus-ī-n-ni || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-VENT-SBRD |- | ''iprusanni'' || iprusanni || 3SG.M:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD || i-prus-an-ni || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |- | ''taprusanni'' || taprusanni || 3SG.F:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD || ta-prus-an-ni || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |- | ''niprusanni'' || niprusanni || 1PL:cut.G.PRT:VENT:SBRD || ni-prus-an-ni || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-VENT-SBRD |- | ''taprusāninni'' || taprusāninni || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub>:VENT:SBRD || ta-prus-ā-nin-ni || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-VENT-SBRD |- | ''iprusūninni'' || iprusūninni || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:VENT:SBRD || i-prus-ū-nin-ni || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-VENT-SBRD |- | ''iprusāninni'' || iprusāninni || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.G.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:VENT:SBRD || i-prus-ā-nin-ni || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}G.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-VENT-SBRD |} ==== Present tense Gt (Babylonian) ==== For the Assyrian vocal harmony, see ''GAG'' §10e. For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 78, 92. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual forms = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''aptarras'' || aptarras || 1SG:cut.GT.PRS || a-ptarras || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}GT.PRS |- | ''taptarras'' || taptarras || 2SG.M:cut.GT.PRS || ta-ptarras || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}GT.PRS |- | ''taptarrasī'' || taptarrasī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.GT.PRS:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || ta-ptarras-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}GT.PRS-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iptarras'' || iptarras || 3SG.M:cut.GT.PRS || iptarras || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}GT.PRS |- | ''taptarras'' || taptarras || 3SG.F:cut.GT.PRS || ta-ptarras || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}GT.PRS |- | ''niptarras'' || niptarras || 1PL:cut.GT.PRS || ni-ptarras || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}GT.PRS |- | ''taptarrasā'' || taptarrasā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.GT.PRS:2PL<sub>1</sub> || ta-ptarras-ā || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}GT.PRS-2PL.C<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iptarrasū'' || iptarrasū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.GT.PRS:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || i-ptarras-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}GT.PRS-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iptarrasā'' || iptarrasā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.GT.PRS:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || i-ptarras-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}GT.PRS-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Preterit tense Gt = perfect tense G ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 79, 80, 88, 93. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''aptaras'' || aptaras || 1SG:cut.GT.PRT || a-ptaras || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}GT.PRT |- | ''taptaras'' || taptaras || 2SG.M:cut.GT.PRT || ta-ptaras || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}GT.PRT |- | ''taptarsī'' || taptarsī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.GT.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || ta-ptars-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}GT.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iptaras'' || iptaras || 3SG.M:cut.GT.PRT || i-ptaras || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}GT.PRT |- | ''taptaras'' || taptaras || 3SG.F:cut.GT.PRT || ta-ptaras || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}GT.PRT |- | ''niptaras'' || niptaras || 1PL:cut.GT.PRT || ni-ptaras || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}GT.PRT |- | ''taptarsā'' || taptarsā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.GT.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub> || ta-ptars-ā || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}GT.PRT-2PL.C<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iptarsū'' || iptarsū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.GT.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || i-ptars-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}GT.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''iptarsā'' || iptarsā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.GT.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || i-ptars-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}GT.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Present tense D (Babylonian) ==== For the Assyrian vocal harmony, see ''GAG'' §10e. For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 78, 88. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''uparras'' || uparras || 1SG:cut.D.PRS || u-parras || 1SG-cut{{tf}}D.PRS |- | ''tuparras'' || tuparras || 2SG.M:cut.D.PRS || tu-parras || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}D.PRS |- | ''tuparrasī'' || tuparrasī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.D.PRS:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || tu-parras-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}D.PRS-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uparras'' || uparras || 3SG.M:cut.D.PRS || u-parras || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}D.PRS |- | ''tuparras'' || tuparras || 3SG.F:cut.D.PRS || tu-parras || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}D.PRS |- | ''nuparras'' || nuparras || 1PL:cut.D.PRS || nu-parras || 1PL-cut{{tf}}D.PRS |- | ''tuparrasā'' || tuparrasā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.D.PRS:2PL<sub>1</sub> || tu-parras-ā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}D.PRS-2PL<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uparrasū'' || uparrasū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.D.PRS:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || u-parras-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}D.PRS-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uparrasā'' || uparrasā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.D.PRS:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || u-parras-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}D.PRS-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Preterit tense D ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 79, 88. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''uparris'' || uparris || 1SG:cut.D.PRT || u-parris || 1SG-cut{{tf}}D.PRT |- | ''tuparris'' || tuparris || 2SG.M:cut.D.PRT || tu-parris || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}D.PRT |- | ''tuparrisī'' || tuparrasī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.D.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || tu-parris-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}D.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uparris'' || uparris || 3SG.M:cut.D.PRT || u-parris || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}D.PRT |- | ''tuparris'' || tuparris || 3SG.F:cut.D.PRT || tu-parris || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}D.PRT |- | ''nuparris'' || nuparris || 1PL:cut.D.PRT || nu-parris || 1PL-cut{{tf}}D.PRT |- | ''tuparrisā'' || tuparrisā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.D.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub> || tu-parris-ā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}D.PRT-2PL<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uparrisū'' || uparrisū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.D.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || u-parris-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}D.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uparrisā'' || uparrisā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.D.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || u-parris-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}D.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Present tense Dt (Babylonian) ==== For the Assyrian vocal harmony, see ''GAG'' §10e. For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 78, 93. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''uptarras'' || uptarras || 1SG:cut.DT.PRS || u-ptarras || 1SG-cut{{tf}}DT.PRS |- | ''tuptarras'' || tuptarras || 2SG.M:cut.DT.PRS || tu-ptarras || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}DT.PRS |- | ''tuptarrasī'' || tuptarrasī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.DT.PRS:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || tu-ptarras-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}DT.PRS-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uptarras'' || uptarras || 3SG.M:cut.DT.PRS || u-ptarras || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}DT.PRS |- | ''tuptarras'' || tuptarras || 3SG.F:cut.DT.PRS || tu-ptarras || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}DT.PRS |- | ''nuptarras'' || nuptarras || 1PL:cut.DT.PRS || nu-ptarras || 1PL-cut{{tf}}DT.PRS |- | ''tuptarrasā'' || tuptarrasā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.DT.PRS:2PL<sub>1</sub> || tu-ptarras-ā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}DT.PRS-2PL<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uptarrasū'' || uptarrasū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.DT.PRS:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || u-ptarras-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}DT.PRS-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uptarrasā'' || uptarrasā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.DT.PRS:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || u-ptarras-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}DT.PRS-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Preterit tense Dt = perfect tense D ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 79, 80, 88, 93. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''uptarris'' || uptarris || 1SG:cut.DT.PRT || u-ptarris || 1SG-cut{{tf}}DT.PRT |- | ''tuptarris'' || tuptarris || 2SG.M:cut.DT.PRT || tu-ptarris || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}DT.PRT |- | ''tuptarrisī'' || tuptarrasī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.DT.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || tu-ptarris-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}DT.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uptarris'' || uptarris || 3SG.M:cut.DT.PRT || u-ptarris || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}DT.PRT |- | ''tuptarris'' || tuptarris || 3SG.F:cut.DT.PRT || tu-ptarris || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}DT.PRT |- | ''nuptarris'' || nuptarris || 1PL:cut.DT.PRT || nu-ptarris || 1PL-cut{{tf}}DT.PRT |- | ''tuptarrisā'' || tuptarrisā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.DT.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub> || tu-ptarris-ā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}DT.PRT-2PL<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uptarrisū'' || uptarrisū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.DT.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || u-ptarris-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}DT.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uptarrisā'' || uptarrisā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.DT.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || u-ptarris-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}DT.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Present tense Š (Babylonian) ==== For the Assyrian vocal harmony, see ''GAG'' §10e. For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 78, 89. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''ušapras'' || ušapras || 1SG:cut.Š.PRS || u-šapras || 1SG-cut{{tf}}Š.PRS |- | ''tušapras'' || tušapras || 2SG.M:cut.Š.PRS || tu-šapras || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}Š.PRS |- | ''tušaprasī'' || tušaprasī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.Š.PRS:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || tu-šapras-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}Š.PRS-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ušapras'' || ušapras || 3SG.M:cut.Š.PRS || u-šapras || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}Š.PRS |- | ''tušapras'' || tušapras || 3SG.F:cut.Š.PRS || tu-šapras || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}Š.PRS |- | ''nušapras'' || nušapras || 1PL:cut.Š.PRS || nu-šapras || 1PL-cut{{tf}}Š.PRS |- | ''tušaprasā'' || tušaprasā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.Š.PRS:2PL<sub>1</sub> || tu-šapras-ā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}Š.PRS-2PL<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ušaprasū'' || ušaprasū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.Š.PRS:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || u-šapras-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}Š.PRS-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ušaprasā'' || ušaprasā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.Š.PRS:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || u-šapras-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}Š.PRS-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Preterit tense Š ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 79, 89. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''ušapris'' || ušapris || 1SG:cut.Š.PRT || u-šapris || 1SG-cut{{tf}}Š.PRT |- | ''tušapris'' || tušapris || 2SG.M:cut.Š.PRT || tu-šapris || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}Š.PRT |- | ''tušaprisī'' || tušaprisī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.Š.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || tu-šapris-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}Š.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ušapris'' || ušapris || 3SG.M:cut.Š.PRT || u-šapris || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}Š.PRT |- | ''tušapris'' || tušapris || 3SG.F:cut.Š.PRT || tu-šapris || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}Š.PRT |- | ''nušapris'' || nušapris || 1PL:cut.Š.PRT || nu-šapris || 1PL-cut{{tf}}Š.PRT |- | ''tušaprisā'' || tušaprisā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.Š.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub> || tu-šapris-ā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}Š.PRT-2PL<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ušaprisū'' || ušaprisū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.Š.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || u-šapris-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}Š.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ušaprisā'' || ušaprisā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.Š.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || u-šapris-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}Š.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Present tense Št1 und Št2 (Babylonian) ==== For the Assyrian vocal harmony, see ''GAG'' §10e. For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 78, 94. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''uštapras''; ''uštaparras'' || uštapras; uštaparras || 1SG:cut.ŠT.PRS || u-štapras; u-štaparras || 1SG-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRS |- | ''tuštapras''; ''tuštaparras'' || tuštapras; tuštaparras || 2SG.M:cut.ŠT.PRS || tu-štapras; tu-štaparras || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRS |- | ''tuštaprasī''; ''tuštaparrasī'' || tuštaprasī; tuštaparrasī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.ŠT.PRS:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || tu-štapras-ī; tu-štaparras-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRS-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uštapras''; ''uštaparras'' || uštapras; uštaparras || 3SG.M:cut.ŠT.PRS || u-štapras; u-štaparras || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRS |- | ''tuštapras''; ''tuštaparras'' || tuštapras; tuštaparras || 3SG.F:cut.ŠT.PRS || tu-štapras; tu-štaparras || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRS |- | ''nuštapras''; ''nuštaparras'' || nuštapras; nuštaparras || 1PL:cut.ŠT.PRS || nu-štapras; nu-štaparras || 1PL-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRS |- | ''tuštaprasā''; ''tuštaparrasā'' || tuštaprasā; tuštaparrasā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.ŠT.PRS:2PL<sub>1</sub> || tu-štapras-ā; tu-štaparras-ā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRS-2PL<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uštaprasū''; ''uštaparrasū'' || uštaprasū; uštaparrasū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.ŠT.PRS:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || u-štapras-ū; u-štaparras-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRS-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uštaprasā''; ''uštaparrasā'' || uštaprasā; uštaparrasā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.ŠT.PRS:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || u-štapras-ā; u-štaparras-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRS-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Preterit tense Št = perfect tense Š ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 79, 80, 89, 94. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''uštapris'' || uštapris || 1SG:cut.ŠT.PRT || u-štapris || 1SG-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRT |- | ''tuštapris'' || tuštapris || 2SG.M:cut.ŠT.PRT || tu-štapris || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRT |- | ''tuštaprisī'' || tuštaprisī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.ŠT.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || tu-štapris-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uštapris'' || uštapris || 3SG.M:cut.ŠT.PRT || u-štapris || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRT |- | ''tuštapris'' || tuštapris || 3SG.F:cut.ŠT.PRT || tu-štapris || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRT |- | ''nuštapris'' || nuštapris || 1PL:cut.ŠT.PRT || nu-štapris || 1PL-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRT |- | ''tuštaprisā'' || tuštaprisā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.ŠT.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub> || tu-štapris-ā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRT-2PL<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uštaprisū'' || uštaprisū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.ŠT.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || u-štapris-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''uštaprisā'' || uštaprisā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.ŠT.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || u-štapris-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}ŠT.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Present tense N (Babylonian) (np > pp) ==== For the Assyrian vocal harmony, see ''GAG'' §10e. For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 78, 90. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''apparras'' || apparras || 1SG:cut.N.PRS || a-pparras || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}N.PRS |- | ''tapparras'' || tapparras || 2SG.M:cut.N.PRS || ta-pparras || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}N.PRS |- | ''tapparrasī'' || tapparrasī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.N.PRS:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || ta-pparras-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}N.PRS-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ipparras'' || ipparras || 3SG.M:cut.N.PRS || ipparras || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}N.PRS |- | ''tapparras'' || tapparras || 3SG.F:cut.N.PRS || ta-pparras || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}N.PRS |- | ''nipparras'' || nipparras || 1PL:cut.N.PRS || ni-pparras || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}N.PRS |- | ''tapparrasā'' || tapparrasā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.N.PRS:2PL<sub>1</sub> || ta-pparras-ā || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}N.PRS-2PL.C<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ipparrasū'' || ipparrasū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.N.PRS:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || i-pparras-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}N.PRS-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ipparrasā'' || ipparrasā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.N.PRS:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || i-pparras-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}N.PRS-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |} ==== Preterit tense N (np > pp) ==== For further information, see ''GAG'' §§75, 79, 90. 3SG.F predominantly in OAKK and in A (see ''GAG'' §75 h). 3SG.M is communis in B. Dual forms in OAKK and seldom in archaic B and A only. Dual form = 3PL.F. ''parāsum'' (a/u) ‘to cut’ {| class="wikitable" |- ! Traditional !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight1}} | Advanced !! colspan="2" {{CellHighlight2}} | Expert |- | ''apparis'' || apparis || 1SG:cut.N.PRT || a-pparis || 1SG.C-cut{{tf}}N.PRT |- | ''tapparis'' || tapparis || 2SG.M:cut.N.PRT || ta-pparis || 2SG.M-cut{{tf}}N.PRT |- | ''tapparsī'' || tapparsī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.N.PRT:2SG.F<sub>1</sub> || ta-ppars-ī || 2SG.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}N.PRT-2SG.F<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ipparis'' || ipparis || 3SG.M:cut.N.PRT || i-pparis || 3SG.M-cut{{tf}}N.PRT |- | ''tapparis'' || tapparis || 3SG.F:cut.N.PRT || ta-pparis || 3SG.F-cut{{tf}}N.PRT |- | ''nipparis'' || nipparis || 1PL:cut.N.PRT || ni-pparis || 1PL.C-cut{{tf}}N.PRT |- | ''tapparsā'' || tapparsā || 2PL<sub>1</sub>:cut.N.PRT:2PL<sub>1</sub> || ta-ppars-ā || 2PL.C<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}N.PRT-2PL.C<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ipparsū'' || ipparsū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>:cut.N.PRT:3PL.M<sub>1</sub> || i-ppars-ū || 3PL.M<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}N.PRT-3PL.M<sub>1</sub> |- | ''ipparsā'' || ipparsā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>:cut.N.PRT:3PL.F<sub>1</sub> || i-ppars-ā || 3PL.F<sub>1</sub>-cut{{tf}}N.PRT-3PL.F<sub>1</sub> |}
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