Editing Ancient Greek:Glossing recommendations

== Extra Glossing transcription line ==
Readers outside the field of Classics '''cannot be expected to be able to read Ancient Greek letters'''. Anyhow, it is good common practice to translate all not latin-based script systems into latin-based transliterations or transcriptions. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek Standards to transcribe Ancient Greek] are already established. The encoder shall add the transcription in an '''an extra ‘Glossing transcription line’''' between the original Greek line and the Glossing line. 

;Example ([http://perseus.uchicago.edu/perseus-cgi/citequery3.pl?dbname=GreekFeb2011&getid=0&query=Paus.%202.34 Paus. 2.34]):
{| {{Glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Greek''' || πῦρ || ἀναζέσαι || πολὺ || ἐκ || τῆς || γῆς 
|-
| '''Glossing transcription''' || pûr || anazésai || polù || ek || tês || gês 
|-
| '''Glosses'''  || fire(N)[SG.NOM] || boil_up:AOR.INF || much:N.SG.NOM || ELAT || DEF.F.SG.GEN || earth(F):SG.GEN 
|}
{{Translation|‘fire that gushed in great volume from the ground’.}} 

But there is also another issue. 

Traditional philological '''editions of manuscripts use a system of punctuation''' (cf. the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden_Conventions ''Leiden Conventions'']) which is partially in conflict with the punctuation as defined by the [[Glossing Rules]].

Compare the following table:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Puctuation !! Meaning in <br/>philological editions!! Meaning in <br/>Glossing transcription line !! Meaning in <br/>Glossing line 
|-
| align="center" | '''&lt;&nbsp;&gt;''' || {{Red|Emendation of a scribal error (addition)}} || colspan="2" | [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_angle_brackets|Infix]]
|-
| align="center" | '''{&nbsp;}''' || Emendation of a scribal error (deletion) || colspan="2" |  — 
|-
| align="center" | '''[&nbsp;]''' || {{Orange| Completely destroyed text (''lacuna''), <br/>potentially with reconstructed content}} || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_square_brackets|‘Zero’ morpheme]]
|-
| align="center" | '''[[&nbsp;]]''' || Deleted text || colspan="2" | —
|-
| align="center" | '''(&nbsp;)''' || {{Orange|Non-overt part of an abbreviation}} || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_parentheses|Inherent]] category
|-
| align="center" | '''''dot below''''' <br/>(e.g. ọ) || Damaged or unclear characters || colspan="2" | —
|-
| align="center" | '''\''' || rowspan="2" | {{Orange|Addition/insertion above the line}} ('''\&nbsp;/''' ''or'' '''‘&nbsp;’''') || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_backslash|''Ablaut'']] phenomenon
|-
| align="center" | '''/''' ||  — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_slash|Ambigous]] morpheme
|-
| align="center" | '''~''' || — || colspan="2" | [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_tilde|Reduplication]] morpheme
|-
| align="center" | '''_''' || — || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_underscore_object_language|Fixed phrase]] || [[Glossing_Rules#Punctuation_underscore_gloss|Fixed phrase]] 
|}

In order to prevent any confusion between the meaning of “[&nbsp;]” and “(&nbsp;)” in the Greek line and “[&nbsp;]” and “(&nbsp;)” in the Glossing line, it is strongly advisable to use these symbols in their traditional meaning in the Glossing transcription line directly above the Glossing line at all. As far as “&lt;&nbsp;&gt;” is concerned, it is even mandatory not to use it with the philological meaning (''emendation'') in the Glossing transcription line. (Keep in mind that the number and sequence of “-”, “=”, “~”, and “&lt;&nbsp;&gt;” in the Glossing transcription and the gloss needs to [[Glossing_Rules#Correct_sequential_alignment|match exactly]].)

; Problematic examples:
{| {{Wrong glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Greek (edited)''' || {{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}πῦ{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}}ρ || ἀναζέσ{{Red|&lt;}}α{{Red|&gt;}}ι || πολὺ || ἐκ || {{Orange|<nowiki>\</nowiki>}}τῆς{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}} || γῆς 
|-
| '''Glosses'''  || fire(N){{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}SG.NOM{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}}ACC{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}} || boil_up:AOR.INF || much:N.SG.NOM{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}}ACC || ELAT || DEF.F.SG.GEN || earth(F):SG.GEN 
|}
{{Translation|‘fire that gushed in great volume from the ground’.}} 

{| {{Wrong glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Transcription (edited)''' || ''{{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}pû{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}}r'' || ''anazés{{Red|&lt;}}a{{Red|&gt;}}i'' || ''polù'' || ''ek'' || {{Orange|<nowiki>\</nowiki>}}''tês''{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}} || ''gês'' 
|-
| '''Glosses'''  || fire(N){{Orange|<nowiki>[</nowiki>}}SG.NOM{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}}ACC{{Orange|<nowiki>]</nowiki>}} || boil_up:AOR.INF || much:N.SG.NOM{{Orange|<nowiki>/</nowiki>}}ACC || ELAT || DEF.F.SG.GEN || earth(F):SG.GEN 
|}
{{Translation|‘fire that gushed in great volume from the ground’.}} 

The advices to provide a latin-based transcription and to keep the line directly above the Glossing line free of philological markups are the two main reasons to provide the following three lines: 
# a '''Greek''' line with philological markup, 
# a '''Transcription''' line (without philological markup), 
# the '''Glossing''' line.


; Example:
{| {{Glossing table}} |
|-
| '''Greek (edited)''' || [πῦ]ρ || ἀναζέσ&lt;α&gt;ι || πολὺ || ἐκ || \τῆς/ || γῆς 
|-
| '''Glossing transcription''' || pûr || anazésai || polù || ek || tês || gês 
|-
| '''Glosses'''  || fire(N)[SG.NOM] || boil_up:AOR.INF || much:N.SG.NOM || ELAT || DEF.F.SG.GEN || earth(F):SG.GEN 
|}
{{Translation|‘fire that gushed in great volume from the ground’.}} 

In the Glossing transcription line, all symbols need to be used according to the [[Glossing Rules]]. In the Traditional transliteration line, however, the encoder may use all the symbols according to his/her philological tradition.

{{Punctuation bar}}

{{Separating bar}}

== Hands-on transcription transformation guidelines ==
To '''derive a valid Glossing transcription line''' from a Greek line with philological markup, the follwoing hands-on rules may help.

Compare the following table:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Greek (edited) !! colspan="2" | Glossing transcription line !! Examples
|-
| align="center"  | '''''dot below''''' <br/>(e.g. ọ) || leave dot below out || keep character || π̣ῦρ → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|-
| align="center"  | {{Red|'''&lt;&nbsp;&gt;'''}} || leave brackets out || rowspan="3" | keep content || &lt;π&gt;ῦρ → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|-
| align="center" | '''(&nbsp;)''' || leave parentheses out || ἀν(ὰ) → aná up ‘up’
|-
| align="center" | '''\&nbsp;/''' ''or'' '''‘&nbsp;’''' || leave ‘slashes’ out || π\ῦ/ρ → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|-
| align="center"  | '''[&nbsp;]''' || leave brackets out || keep content <br/>or leave it out || [πῦ]ρ → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’ <br/>π[ῦρ] → p[__] ‘[''-destroyed-'']’
|-
| align="center"  | '''[[&nbsp;]]''' || rowspan="2" | leave brackets out || rowspan="2" | leave content out || πῦρ<nowiki>[[</nowiki>ρ<nowiki>]]</nowiki> → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|-
| align="center"  | '''{&nbsp;}''' || πῦρ{ρ} → pûr fire(N)[SG.NOM] ‘fire’
|}

{{Punctuation bar}}

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== Common forms ==

{{Contribute}} ''You might want to take [[Ancient Egyptian:Glossing recommendations]] as a model.''